儒教聖殿的無盡追尋——論《野叟曝言》中的排佛書寫

A Study of the Endless Pursuing of Confucianism Palace: Based on the Excluding of Buddhism in Ye Sou Pu Yan

《野叟曝言》是清代「四大才學小說」之一。自唐代以來，儒、釋、道三家已有合流的趨勢，在《野叟曝言》中作者排佛老，然其對儒家思想的維護與實踐，幾近內化成個人宗教式的信仰。本文旨在討論《野叟曝言》中高度展現崇儒排佛的立場其思維背後所蘊含的意義，與作者本身學思歷程的關聯。藉由梳理小說中所塑造的僧人形象，探索作者在「天下無道」的深層感慨下，面對社會異端邪說充斥，積極釐清亂象根源，意圖撥亂反正的用心。同時亦指出作者藉小說主角與僧人進行儒佛教義的論辯，除了直接間接揭示其面對佛教深入人心的焦慮外，並探討其對佛教教義的理解。對於人間秩序的建立，其欲透過實學日用與道德倫理，遠紹儒家聖人，接續儒家道統譜系，完成「內聖外王」事業之後興復道統，成為作者畢生追尋的「彼岸」。

Ye Sou Pu Yan is one of the four scholarship novels in the Qing Dynasty. Since the Tang Dynasty, Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism have been the trend of convergence. In Ye Sou Pu Yan, the author, Ching Chu Hsia excludes Buddhism and Taoism; the maintenance and practice of Confucianism become his personal religious beliefs. This article aims to discuss the position of advocating Confucianism, the position of excluding Buddhism in Ye Sou Pu Yan, the meaning of thought behind this novel, and the relationship between education and experience of the author of this paper. Through the shaped image of monks in the novel, the author of this paper wants to explore the motive of Ching Chu Hsia who intends to order out of chaos and clarify the source of chaos when morality disappeared and heresy filled in the world. Through the discussion of Confucianism and Buddhism between protagonists and monks, the author of this paper wants to show the anxiety of Ching Chu Hsia when he faced the Buddhism has been in people’s minds deeply. As for the establishment of the world order, the author of this paper will continue to discovery and recovery the orthodoxy throughout his life.