清代閨閣紅學初探——以西林春、周綺為對象

A Study on the Cockloft in Red Chamber–Based on the Hsih Lin-Chun and Chou Chi

《紅樓夢》創作動機之一是為「閨閣昭傳」，書中儷影翩翩、群釵逞才的繽紛熱鬧及其紅顏福薄、壽亦不永的悲涼光景處處懾人魂魄，動人心神。而在紅學世界裡，以「閨閣」的身份體貼《紅樓》精神，進一步訴諸筆墨者自當不少，只是研究者甚少關注於此，或雖有及於此，卻無能自閨閣才女的眼光窺視之。本文乃試圖從閨閣的角度出發，挑取西林春、周綺二才女為對象，探討清代閨秀的閲讀反應。至於選取此二人的主要原因是他們的紅學著作均曾流傳，且其身份正好形成滿／漢對比，又可作為鮮明的參照。結果顯示，作為滿清貴族的西林春遠比身為漢人文士妻的周綺有更多的發揮空間及女性意識，但同具才女特質的他們，在閲讀紅樓之後，均以其纖敏的心思與審美的眼光締造出迥異於傳統文士的閨閣紅學。這種紅學中的閨閣之言實應予以正視，一如曹雪芹所云「閨閣中本自歷歷有人」，而不應「使其泯滅也」。

About the Red Chamber, one of the writing motivations was for the Legend of Cockloft. In the book, there was so much vivid description a bout fair ladies who were so talented but life-short. From the viewpoint of Red Chamber, there are many studies on that issue of fair ladies, but most of them are lack of the discussion on the spirit of cockloft. Not mention about the viewpoint of the cockloft spirit directly from talented woman writers! The paper tried to discuss the viewpoints of two talented women writers—Hsih Lin-Chun and Chou Chi, and compared their differences. The discover was that Hsih Lin-Chun a descendant of Mans had broader vision and personality than Chou Chi, a descendant of Hans. Therefore, they created totally different writing styles and presented different viewpoints about the spirit of cockloft after when they read the Red Chamber. As Tsao said it shouldn't be neglected the fair ladies spirit fostered in the cockloft.