20 世紀海內外唐代小說研究成果的量化分析

A Quantative Analysis of the Number of 20th Century Research Works about Tang Novels Conducted by Scholars Based in the Greater China Area and Overseas

20世紀海内外研究唐代小說的成果有2322項，其中一半是來自海外。中國大陸的活躍作者約占半壁江山，海外的活躍作者人數超過了中國大陸，日本的活躍作者又超過了臺灣。最高產的作者是在海外。最受20世紀中外學者關注的小說作品是〈鶯鶯傳〉。日本和臺灣的學者注重單篇研究，韓國和歐美學者注重宏觀研究，中國大陸學者也偏重于宏觀研究。從年份上看，各年的成果量高低不一；從總體發展趨勢看，20世紀中外唐代小說研究成果量是在跌宕起伏中緩慢上升，到世紀末的最後一年達到峰值。雖然每年的成果量多少不一，但明顯呈現出階段變化的特點。1912-1953年，屬起步階段，年均成果量只有4項。1954-1979年，屬緩慢前行階段，年均成果量有21項，此時最亮眼的是日本和臺灣學界，活躍作者也是日本和臺灣最多。日本的近藤春雄和內山知也是此期唐代小說研究的「雙雄」，〈遊仙窟〉依然最受關注。1980-2000年是快速發展階段，年均成果量達到76.5項。此時位居高產作者榜首的是中國內地青年學者程國賦。前兩個時段最受關注的作品是〈遊仙窟〉，本期其熱度退到第六位。〈鶯鶯傳〉成了本階段最受關注的焦點。分地域看，中國大陸學者關注的四大熱門小說都是美人愛情故事；臺灣學者愛美人故事，更愛英雄故事。而日本學者關注的焦點已由〈遊仙窟〉轉移到〈冥報記〉。

There are a total of 2,322 research works on Tang novels in the 20th century, half of which are written by scholars based overseas. Active writers from Mainland China account for almost half of the writers. However, the number of active writers from overseas exceeds that of Mainland China while the number of active writers from Japan exceeds that of Taiwan. The most productive writer comes from overseas. The novel to which scholars paid most attention in the 20th century is The Story of Yingying. Japanese and Taiwan scholars focused on the research of single works, while Korean, European and American scholars placed more importance on macro-research, which was also the focus of scholars from mainland China. Analysis by year shows an uneven number of research works. However, analysis of the overall trend shows that the number of research works on Tang novels, by both Chinese and overseas scholars in 20th century has been rising slowly, although unevenly, reaching the summit in the last year of 20th Century. Although the results show that on a year-by-year basis the number of research works produced is uneven, they do demonstrate a change over periods of time. In the initial stage, from 1912 to 1953 the average number of works per year is four. The second stage, from 1954 to 1957 shows a gradual development with the number of research works per year averages twenty-one. During this stage, Japanese and Taiwan academics were the most productive with scholars from Taiwan producing the largest amount of research. Kondo Haruo and Uchiyama Chiya are the “two heroes” in research on Tang novels and the novel Visiting the Fairy Cave received the most attention. From 1980 to 2000 is the stage which shows the greatest increase with the average number of works per year reaching 76.5. At this stage, the most productive writer is Cheng Guofu, a young scholar from Mainland China. Visiting the Fairy Cave, to which scholars paid most attention in the last two stages, drops to sixth in this period. Instead, The Story of Yingying becomes the focus of this stage. Judging from geographic distribution, the four most-researched novels by scholars from Mainland China are all love stories featuring beautiful women. In contrast, Taiwan scholars preferred to research novels about heroes more than novels about beautiful women, while Japanese scholars had already switched their attention from Visiting the Fairy Cave to Revenge from the Underworld.