李白求仙學道的心路歷程

The Psychological Process of Li Po's Pursuit of Immortality

本文首先探討了初盛唐年間，道教興盛的歷史背景，次由李白的詩文中舉證，說明李白入道求仙的經歷和其心理變化，從而指出，李白一生雖然服膺道教尊師，親受符籙，所交亦多道流，且身事金鼎，隱居鍊藥，然而仍不免時時對長視久生之術表示懷疑，這一方面固然是因為傳說中的神仙幽邈難明，另方面也是在實際鍊葯服食中，眼見丹砂難成，不免信心動搖。李白這樣模稜猶疑的心態，揆諸歷史，並不罕見，從宗教學理來看，也是信徒常有的普遍心理。因此，吾人不可視李白道教詩文是他仕宦路上挫折後的寄託，而應從宗教信仰的心理，來正視李白在求仙學道上有趣的心理轉折。

This paper delves into the primetime of Tang Taoism and its background and tries to interpret the changes of Li Po's psyche of his pursuit of immortality. Li devoted his life to the taking of immortal pills whereas reserved some doubts on the possibility of immortality. His doubt is not uncommon on the history of religious belief. Therefore we should not suppose that Li's pursuit of immortality is the result of his failure in political career.