愛、疏離與暴力──論七等生〈精神病患〉的疾病與醫療之路

Eros, Alienation and Violence–on Diseases and Therapy in Qi Deng Sheng's “ A Psychopath”

「疾病」的隱喻揭示了社會文化，乃至個人存在狀態的問題，它是現代性課題中極為重要的一環。本文試圖將〈精神病患〉視為一個探討現代人存在樣貌之文本，而提出以下問題：在「疾病/醫療」的隱喻中，七等生為何選擇「精神疾病」作為現代人存在樣貌的表徵？「疾病/醫療」的隱喻如何透過小說的敘事呈現？又，對向來善於將自我寫入文本，並意欲在寫作中完成自我的七等生言，他如何透過「精神病患」的書寫以探入自我的「內在生命世界」？以及，就詮釋總是指向豐富人的存在意義言，對「精神疾病」、「精神病患」的闡述，是否仍能對處於當下時空的我們發揮啟示效用？
透過「精神病患賴哲森」的醫療歷程，我們看到了一幅現代人的存在景觀：失卻定向、覓無居所、冷漠疏離也拒絕感受，然而此一無愛的荒原景象，卻也召喚出內在於人心的「醫療」渴求：尋找定向、覓得居所、恢復體驗更能與人交流。如此的醫療所觸及的已不僅是賴哲森的個人之病，更是普遍性的現代人之病。因而本文以為，「醫療」最終指向的已非疾病表象的治療，而是愛的意向性之醫療，它亦是對「家」的寓意之深度闡明。透過如此的「疾病」與「醫療」之隱喻，在作者、文本與讀者的視域融合中，我們亦將被帶入自身的存在之思中，這正是詮釋的饒富深意處。

The metaphor of “disease” sheds light on issues of social culture and the status of individual existence as it is one significant link in modern issues. In terms of “Psychiatric Patients, ” this text tries to raise one question why Qi Deng Sheng selects “Psychiatric Patients” as the metaphor of modern people's existence in the“disease/medical therapy?” How will the metaphor of “disease/medical therapy” be presented through the narration of the novel? How will Qi Deng Sheng, who is good at incorporating himself into the writing and intends to achieve self-realization in his writings, explore the “world of his inner life” through “Psychiatric Patients?” Furthermore, in the context of interpreting the meaning of existence for those who lead rich life, will the author's elaboration of “psychiatric diseases” and “psychiatric patients” enlighten us?
In the novel, Che-Sheng Lai, the leading role, seeks medial therapy, and we will see the outlook of his inner life: disorientation, having no fixed abode, aloofness and alienation, and refusal. The scene of wasteland lacking passion also gives an embodiment of calling on a thirst for man's “inner therapy”: seeking orientation and abode and having a recovery to have exchanges with people. What involved in such medical therapy not only will focus on Lai's disease, but the prevalent diseases modern people will suffer. In such context, “medical therapy” will ultimately emphasize the therapy on the passion of intentionality, rather than the one on the symptoms of diseases. We will be led to the mind of self existence through such metaphor of diseases, thus exactly embodying the profundity of the interpretation.