閩西客語中的吳語成分

The features from Wu dialect in Western Fujian Hakka

閩西客語裡「複元音單化與元音高化」、「流攝侯韻字讀單元音或讀-io韻母」、以及「支微入魚」等現象與吳語相似。複元音單化與元音高化在閩西客語中很常見，這種變化在清流、寧化、上杭、連城構成了推鏈關係，在長汀、武平雖有相似的元音變化，但不構成鏈動關係，永定客語相對保守，顯示了閩西客語的早期樣貌。清流、武平客語侯韻字讀單元音-或-e，侯韻字讀單元音的現象在吳語區內廣泛分布，閩西的上杭與龍巖萬安話侯韻字讀-io，與蕭山吳語表現相同。支微入魚的特點僅在長汀客語中較明顯，但長汀的城關方言與南部的羊牯方言卻呈現不同的層次表現，且支微入魚的例字很少。本論文推論，閩西客語「複元音單化與元音高化」和「流攝侯韻字讀單元音或讀-io韻母」與吳語的擴散有關，但「支微入魚」則可能是閩西客語元音系統劇烈變遷後形成的語音巧合，並不是與吳語接觸導致。

The characteristics of phonological system such as vowels changes, pronunciation of rime from Hou-Yun（侯韻）,and the rime of Zhi, Wei-Yun（支、微韻）like Yu-Yun （魚韻）in Western Fujian Hakka are similar with Wu dialect（吳語）. The research inferred that the first and second features were the results due to contact with Wu dialect, but the third one had nothing to do with Wu dialect just a kind of coincidence after vowels changes intensely in Western Fujian.