魏畊較定《遠山堂詩集》勘論

An Analysis of Wei Geng’s Revision on the “Yuanshantang Shi Ji”

晚明士人祁彪佳（1602-1645）一生著作宏富，多數並未刊印，以稿本、抄本形式傳世。彪佳生前曾初步彙編詩作為《遠山堂詩始》，殉節後，理孫兄弟續作增補，編成《遠山堂詩集》，二種抄本今俱藏北京國家圖書館。
《遠山堂詩集》以詩體分卷，各卷編有頁碼，抄工精雅，唯因國運家勢種種原因並未刊刻。此本後經魏畊較定，魏氏以濃墨進行圈點標記，並刪改詩作，直接覆壓於祁氏詩句之上。魏畊手寫筆跡和詩興片斷與祁彪佳的詩作同時獲得保存，豐富了《遠山堂詩集》的文獻價值。然而魏畊行草龍飛鳳舞，極難辨識，對祁氏詩作的塗抹圈改，也造成閱讀辨識的困難，二人詩句都有待判讀。本文之撰述，奠基在長期整理《遠山堂詩集》的基礎上，勘查魏氏較定工作之內容層次，追索其參與較定之特殊歷史情境，進而評議其較定結果對《遠山堂詩集》的意義。以期能彰顯《遠山堂詩集》抄本的特殊文獻價值，同時也呈現閱讀活動中讀者與作者間親密與悖離同步的關係，並給與適當的解釋。

The famed Ming loyalist official Qi Biaojia （1602-1645） produced a wealth of works, the majority of which were never published, and instead were handed down in the form of manuscripts. During his lifetime he began to compile a collection of his poems, the Yuanshantang Shi Shi （遠山堂詩始）. After his death, his son continued his compilation and editing work, creating the Yuanshantang Shi Ji （遠山堂詩集）. Both manuscripts can be found in the National Library of Beijing.
The Yuanshantang Shi Ji is divided into ten volumes according to different poetic genres, with each volume possessing page numbers. The transcription work performed in the manuscript was incredibly elegant. However, for a variety of reasons related to the political situation of the time, the manuscript was never published. It was then revised by Wei Geng, who marked the manuscript in black ink with a variety of round dots, and revised the poems by directly covering over the original verses. Wei Geng’s hand-written notes and fragmented poetic revisions were preserved in the original manuscript along with Qi Biaojia’s poems, an amalgam which no doubt increased the textual complexity of the Yuanshantang Shi Ji. However, Wei Geng’s handwriting was vigorous and flamboyant, making it difficult to understand in reading. Indeed, his scrawling additions to Qi’s work in fact created tremendous difficulties for reading the original. As such, Both Qi’s original manuscript as well as Wei Geng’s additions require further clarification. This article is grounded in the long-term goal of textual analyzing and clarifying the Yuanshantang Shi Ji. To do so, it will assess the various levels of Wei Geng’s amendments, tracing the particular historical context which informed his work, and evaluating the results of his efforts on the overall meaning and value of the Yuanshantang Shi Ji. Through such an analysis it is hoped that the particular textual value of the Yuanshantang Shi Ji manuscript can be revealed. At the same time, the paper will probe the complicated relationship that exists between the reader and author within the act of reading, which can be defined simultaneously by intimacy as well as alienation.