《正音》素臣——崔錫鼎《經世訓民正音圖說》的設計理念與音韻系統

The Designer of The Proper Sounds: On the Concepts and Phonological System of Choi Seok-Jeong’s Illustration of the Proper Sounds

崔錫鼎（1646-1715）是朝鮮肅宗時期的重要文臣，精通禮學、音韻、數學……等諸般學問，其音韻學成就主要體現在《經世訓民正音圖說》（1678）一書之中。崔錫鼎將宋代邵雍《皇極經世書．聲音唱和圖》與李朝世宗御製之《訓民正音》（諺文）相互整合，並參酌上古音韻而予以增損，編製出三十二張等韻圖，名為〈聲音律呂唱和全數圖），韻圖除了用以闡釋諺文的設計奧義之外，更企圖建構出能夠會通古今詩文用韻、體現天地自然元聲的理想化音系。
由於《經世訓民正音圖說》充滿易數哲理色彩，對於「漢語語音史」的研究助益甚微，放眼華人地區的音韻學者，至今尚未有人對此文獻進行深入闡釋。本文跳脫「語音史」框架，改從「音韻思想史」的路徑切入，將朝鮮等韻圖置於「東亞文明圈」的文化語境中進行探析，一方面探究崔錫鼎如何以易數思想詮釋《訓民正音》之設計理據，為諺文符號賦予神聖意涵，一方面則觀察邵雍音學思想如何被朝鮮學者接受、改造。冀望本文能拋磚引玉，為中韓音韻學交流史之深度開展搭建起對話的平台。

Choi Seok-Jeong (1646-1715) was an important official in the Sukjong Period of Korea, versed at the study of ritual, mathematics, phonology, and so on. His achievements are recorded in his work Illustration of the Proper Sounds for the Instruction of the People (1678). Choi combines Shao Yong’s Huangji Jingshi (literarily, Book of Supreme World Ordering Principles) and Sejong’s The Proper Sounds for the Instruction of the People (Hangul) together, along with the reference the ancient phonology. He then compiled 32 pieces of rhyme table, named “Shengyin Luluchang He Quanshu Tu,” which explains the profound meaning of the Hangul’s design and which attempts to build an ideal phonetic system that runs through the rhyme of past and present and one that embodies nature.
As The Proper Sounds for the Instruction of the People is full of philosophical color, it offers little help to the study of the “history of Chinese phonology.” However, a few phonologists in the sinophone area dedicated themselves to the literature of the book. Thus, the present paper attempts to go beyond the framework of “history of phonology” and situate the rhyme table in the cultural context of “The East Asia Civilization Circle.” This investigates how Choi uses mathematical thought to interpret The Proper Sounds that endows Hangul with sacred meaning on the one hand, and how he observes Shao’s phonological thought was accepted and adumbrated by Korean scholars on the other hand. The paper calls for future studies in this field and to build a dialogue between Chinese and Korean phonological studies.