大學生性傷害經驗之回溯性研究

The Sexually Victimized Experiences among College Students in Taiwan

本研究旨在以回溯問卷的方式了解目前台灣全省的大學生，遭受性傷害經驗行為的內涵，並探討大學前和大學後之此經驗在內涵上有何差異？且此兩階段的性傷害行為各有何特性？本研究針對全省49所大專院校，分北、中、南三區，以電腦隨機抽樣取得9所大專院校的樣本2,205人，進行問卷調查。剔除廢卷後，共取得男性1,073人，女性1,074人，性別不詳者31人。本研究採用統計軟體SAS，以次數分配及卡方檢定來進行統計分析，其研究結果顯示：(1)在我國2,147位受試的大學生（扣除31位性別不詳），男性中，每25名有1名受到第一級性傷害；每24名有1名受到第二級性傷害；每百名有1名受到第三級嚴重性傷害。女性中，每5名有1名受到第一級性傷害；每3名有1名受到第二級性傷害；每24名有1名受到第三級嚴重性傷害。在這些性傷害經驗中以第二級最普遍。(2)性別比率上，女性受害者比男性高；以受害年齡言，在大學前，男女性皆以青春期為第一高危險期，男性在大學後受害的比例有提高的趨勢。(3)受性傷害時間，在大學前以下午發生較多，大學後以晚上為主。受害地點，大學前依序為公車上、公園、學校、家中。大學後，以校外及校園偏僻的地點居多。(4)加害者性別，無論大學前或後，皆以男性為主，但女性加害者也佔一成左右；大學後女性加害者比例提高。加害者年齡，大學前以30~50歲居多，大學後以20~30歲居多。(5)加害者關係，大學前之加害者以陌生人占多數（65.9%），認識者占了1/3，大學後之加害者也以陌生人略多（53.3%），認識者佔了44.6%，其中同儕、男女朋友占了39.5%。(6)加害者在過程中，不論大學前或後皆不傾向使用暴力。受害者大多傾向告訴他人，且大多未接受專業輔導。

This study explores the characteristics of the sexually victimized experiences among college students in Taiwan and compares the differences between these experiences which happened prior to and after entering college. Approximately 2,250 college students were randomly selected as a research sample from 9 universities which equally represents North, Middle, & South Taiwan. 1,073 indicated their sex as male, 1,074 as female, and 31 did not specify. The major findings were: (1) Among 2,178 students, for males, 1 out of 25 experienced verbally sexual abuse; 1 out of 24 experienced physically sexual abuse; and 1 out of 100 experienced the nearly rape experiences. For females, 1 out of 5 experienced verbally sexual abuse; I out of 3 experienced physically sexual abuse; and 1 out of 24 experienced the nearly rape experiences. (2) Comparing rates of abuse by gender, rates for females were higher. As far as age concerned, for both males and females the period of highest risk is adolescent period (13-18). (3) As for the times of sexual abuse, before college there were relatively more incidents in the afternoon. After entering college, the most common time was evening. The most common location for sexual abuse before college was, in order, on the bus, in the park, at school, and at home. After entering college, in addition incidents at school, the majority of incidents occurred at places remote from the campus. (4) Regardless of incidents occurring before or after college, the majority of abusers were male. However, female abusers also made up about one-tenth. The majority of abusers in incidents before college were aged 30-50, whereas in incidents after entering college the majority of abusers were 20-30. (5) In incidents before college, strangers made up 65.9% of those committing abuse. People known to the victim made up one-third. In incidents after college, strangers constituted 44.6%. Of the latter group, 39.5% were friends and acquaintances. (6) Force was not commonly used among these incidents. The victims tended to disclosure the incidents of abuse. And the majority of victim had not yet seeked professional counseling.