兩性對性騷擾及醫療性騷擾看法的差異

Sex Difference in Definition and Attitude about Sexual Harassment–A Pilot Study

本研究的重點為本土文化對「性騷擾」之定義及態度有何性別差異。著者等在某醫學院及其醫學中心，以自填問卷抽樣調查188位女性及155位男性，其要點有四：(1)在一般場合中，男性對女性有何種行為舉動時，易使人覺得不妥或引起反感；(2)在醫療情境中，當男醫師對女病人有何種行為時，會使人覺得不妥或引起反感；(3)哪些科別的醫療活動最易引起反感；(4)構成「性騷擾」的條件是什麼。結果發現：(1)女性受訪者對身體任何部位之被碰觸較易反感，而對非接觸性之言語或行為較不在意；男性則多認為除了碰觸女性的胸部及臀部算是不妥外，其餘部份的身體接觸較無所謂。(2)醫療情境中，診察陰部最易引起女性受訪者的反感；然大多數男性受訪者卻認為，男醫師診察女性之隱私部位並無太大不妥，反而是非屬醫療活動的行為（如“對女病人講黃色笑話”、“以工作的理由約女病人吃飯”等）較不適當。(3)男女受訪者均認為，最易「引起反感」的科別依序為：婦科、產科和泌尿科。(4)僅57%的女性與39%的男性受訪者認為「性騷擾」的定義與美國相符（即因為職權利害關係，或因性別歧視，而被迫接受含“性”意味的干擾）；而對於國外極重視之「工作環境中令人反感的“性”干擾」，卻有25%的女性與40%的男性受訪者，認為不算是「性騷擾」。因此，「性騷擾」的定義在國內外似有不同，且其看法與態度，也因性別而異，似有「女性定義從寬、男性定義從嚴」之趨勢。

In this study, self-rated questionaire was administered to a stratified random sample of 188 female and 155 male subjects drawn from one medical school and its affiliated hospital. The questionaire included 4 parts: (1) What male behaviors would make females uncomfortable in general situation; (2) What physicans' behaviors are most disgusting to female patients in therapeutic settings; (3) Which department in hospitals is most offensive to female patients; (4) what criteria formulate the definition of sexual harassment among the Chinese in Taiwan. The major findings are as follows: (1) While female subjects were mostly disturbed with any kinds of physical contacts and relatively ignored non-physical contacts, for most male subjects physical contacts were acceptable except for the touch of women's breasts and hips. (2) Examination of perineum in therapeutic settings would make female patients most uncomfortable; whereas male subjects regard it as relatively acceptable for doctors to examine female perineum, but inappropriate for doctors to engage in non-therapeutic relationship with female patients. (3) The most annoying departments are: GYN、OBS and URO. (4) Only 57% female and 39% male subjects agree with EEOCs definition, whereas sexual harassment in occupational settings is neglected by 25%female and 40% male subjects. The definition of sexual harassment in Taiwan is found to be different from that of EEOC and females define it broader than males.