各領域社會工作人員工作壓力、社會支持與職業倦怠之研究

WORK STRESS, SOCIAL SUPPORT AND BURNOUT AMONG SOCIAL WORHERS

本研究針對國內綜合性社會工作者、醫療社會工作者、兒童福利工作者以社會工作人員工作壓力量表、社會支持量表和職業倦怠量表施測，探索社會工作人員工作壓力、社會支持與職業倦怠之狀況與關係。共發出754份問卷，回收660份，計得有效問卷586份。研究結果發現(1)社會工作人員的工作壓力多源於缺乏專業制度，缺乏陞遷機會與社會認可，其次則來自於專業認同的壓力。並且在各領域相較之下，臺灣省政府的綜合性社會工作者壓力最大；(2)社會工作人員的職業倦怠感則較呈現在工作情緖低落和工作投入的意願低落。其中也是以臺灣省政府的綜合性社會工作者倦怠感最強；(3)而他們的社會支持感主要來自於朋友與同事，且督導支持普遍不足；(4)工作壓力與社會支持呈顯著負相關，與職業倦怠呈顯著正相關，同時社會支持亦與職業倦怠呈顯著負相關，並且督導支持愈高者，其工作壓力愈小；(5)社會支持與工作壓力對職業倦怠分別有主效應，但對臺灣省的綜合性社會工作者而言，其社會支持與工作壓力之間有互動作用，可以對職業倦怠感產生緩衝效果。

There are 754 social workers including the fields of generic, medical and child welfare have been surveyed with a standardized questionnaire which concerns about work stress, social support and burnout. The strengths and relationships of the three variables have been examined in this study. The result reveals most work stress coming with no professional system, no promotion channels and no social recognition. Then the stress from professional recognition comes afrer. The generic social workers hired by Taiwan Provincial Government are the most stressful group.Burnout presents in low working emotion and low working involvement.Again, generic social workers hired by Taiwan Provencial Government and Taipei Metropolitan Grovernment have strongest feeling about burnout. Social support usually comes from friends and colleagues. But support from supervisors reveals uneffcient. Work stress is positively correlated with burnout and negatively correlated with social support. Social support is negatively correlated with burnout. Work stress and social support have significant main effect on burnout. And for generic social workers hired by Taiwan Provincial Government, social support has interaction with buffering effect toward burnout.