真實與謊言——對亂倫生還者二度創傷工作之歷程

The Process of Working with Incest Survivor with Secondary Trauma

在一般人的心目中，亂倫幾等同於「隱祕晦暗」，因此，局外人是很難僅憑常識觀看或猜測就能理解亂倫事件及其影響。近來國內有關對亂倫生還者工作模式的討論雖然逐漸增加，但對其再受二度傷害的討論仍相當罕見，既然兒童保護須不同專業、各種資源共同合作，任一保護工作者的行動也會影響到生還者的復原，一旦生還者不幸曾在正式保護體系受到傷害，對後續的工作者來說，最大的挑戰便是如何與二度傷害的生還者建立關係、如何再次取得其信任，顯然工作者不僅要具備對性虐待與亂倫的認知，也要對二度傷害及其影響有所認識。因此，本文將以一位亂倫生還者為例，回顧整理亂倫創傷的影響、創傷記憶的爭議、生存者與工作者的權力關係，以呈現社會工作者在二度傷害議題上之經驗與工作歷程。希望透過工作經驗之分享，累積更多對此類個案的了解，更能敏感於工作關係中專家權力運用和當事人權益的議題，以期避免再次傷害生還者。

Generally speaking, people are likely to think Of secrets, fear and darkness whenever they hear the word ''incest.'' Incest is so invisible to outsiders that is either difficult or inadequate for them to judge incest events with common senses. Although there has been discussions and research which has tries to construct working models for healing incest survivors, only few recognize the importance of the survivors' secondary traumatic experiences. However, since team work is inevitable for effectively helping incest survivors effectively and any treatment from team members will affect the others' work, social workers or helpers need to be alert to the issue of secondary trauma, especially when helpers are working with clients who have been hurt by the formal ''protective system''. The first task is to establish a working relationship with the survivors which will become a key point for treatment. The author tries to illustrate the influence of secondary traumas, the controversial argument regarding the memory of traumatic experiences, and the power relationships between workers and survivors. Last but not least important, works should regarding the issue of authority and power that usually happens under the table. To reflect the working process and localize working experiences with the survivors, the author presents a case of working with a teenage survivor of secondary trauma. The principle and method of empowering are also discussed. Both survivors and workers deserve second chances. Incest cases are irreversible, but with open discussion and sincere reflection on our own experiences of working with incest survivors, what has happened can be avoided in the future. Bearing this belief in mind, the author sincerely invites readers to observe and explore the inner world of incest survivors.