團體效果、口語行為及相關因素之研究——以桃園家庭教育服務中心為例

A Study on Group Effects, Verbal Interaction, and the Related Factors of Volunteer Human Relations Groups: Case Study of the Tao Yuen Family Education Service Center

本研究的目的在探討家服中心人際關係團體中口語行為的變化，團體效果，及其與相關因素的關係。本研究以家服中心二十名義工為對象，採單一實驗組實驗設計及相關研究法。使用工具包括：Hill互動矩陣、團體活動反應量表、團體自我評量表、團體感受量表、團體領導者評量表。本研究發現：成員口語行為的類型在團體歷程的變化不大，但在口語次數上，各類型口語仍有明顯差異；且成員在第三、四象限口語行為，與領導者有極相似的變化趨勢。資料分析顯示，人際關係團體已達到一定程度的效果，此外，當成員對團體領導者的領導行為愈肯定時，成員對團體整體的活動反應之滿意度亦愈高，且團體的過程效果亦愈好，結果效果的總分及情緒獲益亦愈高。團體歷程中，成員對團體整體活動之滿意度與過程效果及結果效果部分達到顯著的正相關；過程效果和結果效果部分達到顯著的正相關。部分口語行為與團體過程效果、結果效果及成員對團體領導者的領導行為達到顯著的正相關。基於上述結果，研究者分別提出建議以作為團體工作實務及未來究的參考。

The purpose of this study was to examine group effects, the categories of verbal interaction between leadership and members, and the relationships among these related factors. The subjects of this study were twenty volunteers in the Tao Yuen Family Education Service Center. This study had a single experimental group design. Instruments for this study included the Hill Interaction Matrix, the Group Feeling Scale, the Group Activities Scale, the Group Self-Evaluation Scale, and the Leadership Performance Scale. The results were as follows: The members' verbal categories did not noticeably change, but the frequencies and style of verbal categories were different during the group process. The members' verbal categories of the third and the fourth quadrants were similar to the leaders' verbal categories. This data showed that they were positive responses and indicated a linear trend regarding group effects. Significant positive correlations were also found between the Leadership Performance Scale, process outcomes, and partial group outcomes. Partial significant positive correlations were found between the Group Activities Scale, the process outcome and the group outcomes. Partial significant positive correlations were found between the members' verbal categories, the process outcomes, the group outcomes, and the Leadership Performance Scale. The article concludes with suggestions and recommendations for group counseling work and future study.