婚姻親密情感的內涵與測量

本研究的主要目的在延續上階段的研究成果，進一步探討夫妻之間由角色所衍生的「感激之情」、「欣賞之情」與由溝通衍生的「親近之情」、「契合之情」的內涵，並根據上階段的深度訪談資料，選取合適的題項，編製親密情感量表，進行預試及信效度檢定。研究結果顯示，64題的親密情感量表（MIS）在結構上相當符合原有之親密概念。以正交轉軸法對親密情感量表各題項進行因素的轉軸，可得出四個主要的因素，其中「親近之情」可解釋53.5%的變異量，加上其他三種情感後，共解釋67.4%的變異量。可見親密情感量表具有一個核心的概念，在這個概念下可區分為四個彼此相關的因素。為了使親密情感量表更易於施測，研究者依項目分析的結果將量表分為A、B兩個版本。每一個版本各32題，內部一致性係數均達.97。相關分析的結果顯示，兩個版本的相關係數高達.98。本研究並以大台北地區575名已婚男女為對象，比較不同性別及年齡層的受試者在親密情感上的差異，發現男性在婚姻中所感受到的親密情感較女性為多，特別是感激之情有明顯的男高於女的現象。而不同年齡層的受試者在一般親密情感上的差異僅達邊緣顯著。

The main purpose of the study is to develop a measure of marital intimacy based on in-depth interview data collected in the previous study. 64 items in a Likert type scale provide a measure of marital intimacy which includes 4 facets: gratitude, appreciation, togetherness, and tacit understanding. Data from 575 married people living in Taipei metropolitan area indicate that the marital intimacy scale (MIS) has high internal consistency (α = .99). Factor analysis further suggests MIS is a scale with four different but related components as hypothesized. In order to develop an easily administered measure of marital intimacy, the MIS is then divided into two short versions (MIS-A and MIS-B). Both versions include 32 items and have high internal consistency (α = .97). Correlation of the two versions is also high (r = .98). The second purpose of the study is to identify gender and generation differences in marital intimacy among Chinese people. Analyses reveal that men perceive more intimate feelings in marriage than woman, especially the feeling of gratitude. Results also indicate that the generation differences in marital intimacy only reach marginal significance level.