高功能自閉症學前患童的關係取向發展模式（DIR）治療之初探

A Treatment based on the Developmental Individual-difference, Relationship-based Model for Two Preschool Children with High-Functioning Autism: A Preliminary Report

研究目的：本文報告應用DIR（developmental individual-difference, relationshipbased model，簡稱DIR）治療模式於兩位高功能自閉症學前患童的治療過程，並探討其療效。研究方法：本文採用病歷回顧法針對治療歷程進行質性分析。患童甲接受十二次，乙接受十次治療，治療時間一次一小時，一週一次。兩位臨床心理師為治療者，家長為協同治療者。研究結果：經DIR治療，兩位患童在與家人的互動模式、情緒表達、和行為層面上都有明顯的進步，尤其是與人互動的品質。本文對療效因子、研究方法的限制、對自閉症患童的適用性，以及與行為治療的關係均予以討論。研究結論：兩位患童經由DIR模式治療後，與家人的互動、情緒表達、和行為功能上都有明顯的進步。

Purpose: This article reported the developmental individual-difference, relationshipbased (DIR) intervention model for two preschool children with high-functioning autism. The intervention process and the effects of treatment were reported. Methods: We reviewed the clients’ progressive notes and analyzed their improvements qualitatively. They received 12 and 10 one-hour weekly treatment sessions, respectively. Two clinical psychologists delivered the treatment and the parents were co-therapists. Results: Both children showed overall improvements in social, language, emotional, and behavioral functioning after intervention. The most significant progress was in the quality of social interactions. The evaluation of treatment effectiveness, the limitation of the research method, the applicability of DIR for other autistic children, and the possible relationship between DIR and behavior therapy are discussed. Conclusions: The DIR intervention model was applied to two children with autism with good treatment effect on social, language, emotional, and behavioral functioning.