多元文化國下原住民族習慣作為民事法規範──以排灣族長嗣繼承制度為例

Aboriginal Customs as the Norm of Civil Law Under Multicultural Country: Take the Vusam Inheritance Custom of Paiwan as an Example

我國憲法已明文肯認我國為「多元文化國」；即使如此，原住民族部分傳統文化有與國家法規範牴觸之處，造成原住民族遵循傳統時產生違法的疑慮，法院亦有可能按照法規裁判而使遵守傳統的原住民族受到敗訴判決，此等結果皆使原住民族的文化傳承更為不利，與憲法「多元文化國」意旨背道而馳。
本文將以「排灣族長嗣繼承制度」作為核心案例事實，探討原住民族習慣作為裁判依據的法理，以及以「排灣族長嗣繼承制度」作為裁判依據可能發生的問題，分析多元文化國下原住民族習慣作為民事法規範的可能性。

The Constitution of The Republic of China has clearly agreed to consider R.O.C as a“multicultural country”; however, part of the traditional culture of the aboriginal peoples is in conflict with national laws. Under such circumstances, the aboriginal peoples may suffer the verdict of losing the lawsuit, which makes the cultural inheritance of the aboriginal peoples more unfavorable and run counter to the intent of“multicultural country”in accordance with the constitution.
This article will take the“vusam inheritance custom of Paiwan”as the core case, developing the jurisprudence of the aboriginal peoples’custom as the basis for the judgment, and the possible problems that may occur. The purpose of this article is to analyze the possibility of aboriginal customs as a norm of civil law in the multicultural country.