台北市高齡者健康預防行為相關因素之研究

The Study of Factors Related to Health Prevention Behaviors among the Older Adults in Taipei City

本研究以Andersen健康服務使用行為模式為基礎，探討與台北市65歲以上長者採取健康預防行為有關的因素，包括施打流感疫苗、肺炎疫苗、接受免費健康檢查及進行牙齒保健。研究資料來自2019年「臺北市老人生活狀況調查」，針對2,756位長者進行分析，並採用邏輯斯迴歸進行分析。研究發現，與流感疫苗施打有關的因素包括年齡、教育程度、婚姻狀況、經濟狀況滿意度與捷運友善度；肺炎疫苗施打與年齡、教育程度、婚姻狀況、經濟狀況滿意度及休閒活動參與頻率有顯著相關；免費健檢與性別、年齡、經濟狀況滿意度、網路使用頻率、休閒活動參與頻率、CES-D總分及IADL總分有顯著相關；牙齒保健行為則與性別、年齡、教育程度、婚姻狀況、經濟狀況滿意度、網路使用頻率、休閒活動參與頻率、自評健康狀況及CES-D總分有顯著相關。本研究指出，不同健康預防行為與多重因素有關，並據此提出促進長者健康行為的建議。

This study is based on Andersen’s Behavioral Model of Health Service Use and investigates factors associated with the adoption of health preventive behaviors among elderly individuals aged 65 and above in Taipei City, including influenza vaccination, pneumococcal vaccination, participation in free health check-ups, and dental care. The research data were drawn from the 2019“Survey on the Living Conditions of Old People in Taipei City,”analyzing a total of 2,756 elderly participants using logistic regression analysis. The study found that factors associated with influenza vaccination include age, educational level, marital status, satisfaction with economic status, and MRT accessibility. Factors significantly related to pneumococcal vaccination include age, educational level, marital status, satisfaction with economic status, and frequency of participation in leisure activities. Free health check-up participation is significantly associated with gender, age, satisfaction with economic status, frequency of internet use, frequency of participation in leisure activities, total CES-D score, and total IADL score. Dental care behaviors are significantly associated with gender, age, educational level, marital status, satisfaction with economic status, frequency of internet use, frequency of participation in leisure activities, self-rated health status, and total CES-D score. This study indicates that different health preventive behaviors are associated with multiple factors and, based on these findings, provides recommendations for promoting health behaviors among the elderly.