透過及早參與台灣護理畢業後訓練提升二技護理學生之就業留任率：準實驗研究

Improving Employee Retention through Early Engagement of Two-Year RN-to-BSN Students in Taiwan’s Nursing Postgraduate Year Program: A Quasi-Experimental Study

背景：護理人力短缺是全球面臨的重要問題，增加新畢業護理師進入職場的人數及留任率是解決護理人力短缺的關鍵目標。
目的：本研究旨在促進就讀二技且尚未就業之護理學生，及早參與台灣護理畢業後訓練，並評估其在提高留任率和護理核心能力方面的成效。
方法：本研究採準實驗設計，共有295名二技護理學生參與本研究。根據學生意願選擇及早參與台灣護理畢業後訓練(實驗組)，或選擇不加入(控制組)。測量項目包括入職後前三個月及六個月的留任率，以及護理核心能力問卷，於第一學期實施前測，最後一學期實施後測。
結果：實驗組入職後的前三個月和六個月留任率顯著高於對照組(分別為100%對91.9%，p= .008；92.9%對86.3%，p = .047)。控制組護理核心能力的後測總分顯著高於前測總分；而實驗組的前後測總分未達顯著差異，畢業時實驗組與對照組核心能力變化差異未達顯著。
結論：早期參與台灣護理畢業後訓練對提高就業留任率具有成效，對學生和醫療機構皆有益處，早期參與台灣護理畢業後訓練能夠使學生提早適應並選擇工作場所，且幫助職場招募及提升新進護理師留任率。本研究結果顯示此計畫值得推廣於持有護理師執照的二技護理學生。

Background: Shortage of nursing staff is a major global issue. Increasing the number of newly licensed nurses entering the workforce early and retaining them are crucial goals in the nursing profession.
Purpose: This study aimed to promote early engagement in Taiwan’s Nursing Postgraduate Year（NPGY）program among unemployed students enrolled in a two-year RN-to-BSN program. Its effectiveness in improving employment retention rates and nursing core competencies were evaluated.
Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental design. A total of 295 students from a two-year undergraduate nursing program participated in this study. Participants were assigned to the experimental or control groups based on their willingness to participate in early engagement. Measurements included retention rate in the first three- and six-months postemployment and the Undergraduate Nursing Core Competency questionnaire in the first（pretest）and final semesters（posttest）.
Results: Retention rates were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group at three and six months（100% vs. 91.9%, p = .008 and 92.9% vs. 86.3%, p = .047, respectively）. Posttest overall scores for core nursing competencies were significantly higher than pretest overall scores in the control group; however, overall scores did not differ in the experimental group. There was no statistically significant difference in the change in core competency scores between the experimental and control groups at graduation.
Conclusions: Early engagement in Taiwan’s NPGY program is effective in improving employment retention rates. Therefore, it is worth implementing in undergraduate programs for students holding registered nurse licenses. Early engagement can benefit both students and healthcare organizations as students are able to select and adapt to the workplace early, and employers are able to recruit and retain nurses.