重新認識中國：從市面上幾部中國史論著出發的討論

Rediscovering China: A Study of Recent Works on Chinese History

知識建構和積累與人們認識世界的角度、方法密切相關。本文以2010到2020年間出版的幾部中國史論著為觀察和討論對象，描寫歷史敘述的內容和特點，進而嘗試評估這些論著所呈現的「中國」整體面貌和特質。本文挑選了兩種類型的書籍。第一，通過翻譯出版的中國通史套書，它們分別呈現了日本和美國的中國史觀點，建立了對於中國歷史經驗的長時段理解。第二，杜正勝和劉仲敬兩位學院內外的學人，展現從歷史角度理解以解構現實中國的意圖，並與公眾對話。筆者從知識史研究（history of knowledge）的「知識秩序」（order of knowledge）角度，描述和分析這幾部中國史論著，探討這兩類型書籍的論述如何挑戰或改變台灣社會舊有的知識秩序。這段過程反映了，人們企圖從這類歷史論述中尋求突破當代中國民族主義的思想資源。特別在2010年以後，兩岸衝突日漸升高、台灣主體意識增強和凝聚的趨勢中，大眾對這類資源的需求遂成為推動商業出版的知識動力，逐漸改變了台灣社會關於「中國」的認識。

The construction and accumulation of knowledge are closely tied to the perspectives and methods through which people perceive the world. This article examines several historical works on China published between 2010 and 2020, describing the content and characteristics of their narratives, and evaluating the overall image and features of“China”they present. Two types of works are considered. The fi rst consists of translated general histories of China, which respectively convey Japanese and American perspectives on Chinese history and establish a longue-durée understanding of China’s historical experience. The second includes works by Tu Cheng-sheng and Liu Zhongjing, intellectuals situated both within and beyond academia, who seek to deconstruct contemporary China from a historical perspective and engage in dialogue with the public. Drawing on the concept of the“order of knowledge”from the history of knowledge, this article analyzes these works and considers how their discourses challenge or reshape Taiwan’s existing knowledge order. This process refl ects an attempt to seek intellectual resources from historical narratives in order to transcend contemporary Chinese nationalism. Particularly after 2010, as cross-strait tensions intensified and Taiwanese identity grew stronger and more consolidated, the demand for such resources may have become a driving force behind commercial publishing, gradually transforming Taiwanese society’s understanding of“China.”