從青田藝術鄉村建設看中國大陸公民社會的困境－－基於「團體模式」的省思

The Predicament of Civil Society in Mainland China from the Perspective of Qingtian Art Village Construction-- Reflection on the View of Group Model

以公共藝術的方式介入鄉村，成為當前中國大陸鄉村建設的全新嘗試。在其規劃和實施的過程中，涉及到當地村民、藝術家、政府官員、企業家等多個利益團體，而且在多主體的互動中必然存在肯定、質疑、矛盾、爭吵等，村民在與外來勢力交流和協商期間不斷進行策略性選擇，並在多重張力中力求取得利益平衡。這一利益整合過程在一定程度上，也反映了當前中國大陸公民社會的弱勢。
本文以「團體模式」為研究架構，以廣東順德的青田藝術鄉村建設為調查個案，以科際整合的研究路徑，運用質化與量化相結合的研究方法，力求探究藝術介入鄉村後公民社會面臨的困境。本文指出此個案中牽涉的團體利益整合包括四大構成要素，亦即參與鄉村建設以四大團體為主體；而本文研究置焦於這四大主體的思想與行動的張力，進而探討中國大陸公民社會處於弱勢的原因，並針對當前存在的問題尋求解決途徑。

To intervene in the countryside by public art has become a new attempt of rural construction in mainland China.In the process of its planning and implementation, it involves the local villagers, artists, government officials, entrepreneurs and many other interests groups.In the multi-subjective interaction of question, affirmation, contradiction and quarrel, the villagers try to make strategic choices during the exchanges with foreign forces and consultation, and strive to achieve the balance of interests in multiple tension. This process of integration reflects the decline of the current Chinese civil society to some extent.
This paper chooses Group Mode as the research framework, takes Qingtian art rural construction of Shunde in Guangdong as an investigation case and interdisciplinary integration as the approach, and uses qualitative and quantitative methods to explore the the civil society dilemma after the intervention of art. Among them, the integration of group interests includes four elements, that is, the four main subjects who participate in the rural construction. The paper will focus on the tension between the thoughts and actions among multi-subjects, and discuss the reasons for the decline of civil society, and then find solutions in the future.