從選舉到治理：地方行政首長施政滿意度調查之研究

From Campaign to Governance: A Study on the Public Opinion Poll Apply to the Performance Satisfaction of Local Government

民主國家的最大特質，在於選舉制度的存在。透過選舉，人民得以選出行政首長或是民意代表，代表民眾行使權力治理國家。而民主政治就是民意政治，因此不管是選舉或是治理過程中，如何有效掌握「民意」始終是實務界與學術界所共同關切的焦點。不管從系統理論或是從民主治理的角度來看，民意調查對於民選行政首長及行政部門的運作均具有一定的重要性，但從實務運作或是學術界的相關研究來看，對於民意調查的相關研究多側重於選舉預測或是民意調查的執行技術層面，鮮少對於行政部門本身內部施政滿意度調查的進行模式有所探討。
為瞭解當民選政治人物贏得選戰進入行政部門，「民意調查」機制在他們進行治理過程中，是否如同在選舉過程中一樣重要。本文透過深度訪談，瞭解在選舉及治理過程中，民意調查對於民選首長的重要性，接續藉由新聞報導及政府電子採購網，進行次級資料分析，以瞭解外部環境與政府內部施政滿意度民意調查的辦理情形。整體而言，各縣市政府的施政滿意度辦理情形與其各自的財務狀況有密切的關連。特別是六都，除了台南市外，投入相關的資源均較非六都為多。透過相關探討，本文發現選舉過程的激烈程度、外部環境滿意度評比的成績，會影響到民選首長施政滿意度的辦理需求。

When the politician won the election, he becomes the head of government. For an elected leader, it’s impossible to satisfy with everyone’s need. He must try to get enough information to help him and his team to set the priority and lead the government under his control. It is not easy especially for a rookie. He must learn from his experience. Undoubtedly,“public opinion poll”plays an important role for him when he was still a candidate. Candidates use polling to obtain information to help them to make choices during the campaign. Can it be used in governance? If it could, how would it work?
To answer these questions, this article is beginning with the theory discussion of the perspective of system theory and democratic governance. Then, with the help of the method of interview and secondary data analysis, author discuss the application and limitation of the public opinion poll using in the governance of the local government. Public opinion poll can help the elected leader to find out the problems but it is limited by financial condition of the government itself. No money, No Talk. Finally, the author gives his conclusion and suggestion.