游世：現代儒者鍾泰的學問歷程

Wandering in the World: The Life and Scholarship of the Modern Confucian Zhong Tai

現代儒者鍾泰（1888-1979）以刊行有年之《中國哲學史》、《莊子發微》二書名世。隨著《鍾泰友朋信札》和包括個人日記在內的《鍾泰著作集》等文獻的刊布，其人生平和交際對現代學術史研究的特殊意義也愈加明顯。基於已刊文獻，此文研究了鍾泰的學思歷程，嘗試呈現一個舊派學人以修己成德之學回應世變的思想史案例。
首先，此文提出了研究問題，解說為何應當據其人經歷來探索其學問的展開。隨後，此文探索了鍾泰青中年時期的學緣、經歷，又據講義《中國哲學史》和王瀣致鍾泰書信，以自修為中心考察其游弋多方的學問狀况。復次，此文據《日錄》討論了鍾泰中老年時期的經歷，並基於對《莊子發微》的分析，考察了鍾氏自適和成德並重的晚年學思。最後，此文研究了鍾泰好友，現代儒者馬一浮、熊十力與鍾氏持論之同異，指明鍾氏之學的獨特適應性。

Zhong Tai (1888–1979) was a modern Confucian and the author of two seminal works: History of Chinese Philosophy and Elucidating Profound Meanings of Zhuangzi. On the basis of newly published materials, such as the Correspondences between Zhong Tai and his Friends and the Collected Works of Zhong Tai, the latter including his diaries, it becomes possible to conduct a further investigation into Zhong’s significant life and social activities he engaged in. This essay examines the scholarly thinking of the modern Confucian Zhong Tai based on his published works. It attempts to present a case study of the intellectual history of a traditional scholar who responded to the changes of the world by learning to cultivate and accomplish virtue.
First, this article aims to explain why the development of Zhong’s scholarship should be explored in light of his personal experiences. The article then explores Zhong Tai’s learning and experiences during his youth and middle age, and examines his thoughts on self-cultivation based on his “History of Chinese Philosophy” lectures as well as through his correspondence with Wang Xie. It further discusses Zhong Tai's experiences in his middle and old age, and examines Zhong’s later thought through an analysis of his Elucidating Profound Meanings of Zhuangzi, which focuses on both self-adaptation and the cultivation of virtue. Finally, this essay examines the similarities and differences among Zhong and his close friends, the modern Confucians Ma Yifu and Xiong Shili, pointing out the distinct adaptability of Zhong’s thought.