從《廣成儀制》及相關道書看清中期以降川西的佛道交流

Daoist and Buddhist Interactions in West Sichuan since the mid-Qing Dynasty from the Perspective of the Guangcheng Yizhi Tradition and Related Ritual Documents

本文討論以中國四川成都平原自清代起流行於當地的道教科儀傳統――《廣成儀制》傳統為對象，整理其中相關道教科本、文檢中直接與佛教相關部分，觀察道教對佛教神明、傳說、用典的意見或詮釋，並指出如何轉換落實到科儀儀式、僧道互動。從道教實踐的角度，設問為什麼要使用某些儀式，使用情境與考量何在，藉由實例討論佛教是否在道教信仰活動哪些環節起到積極，特別是主動的角色，促成影響。根據文本內容將分為四種情形來探問：官方（或外力）促成的合作、科儀本造作時的添加、配合科儀撰寫的文檢中的真實反映、信仰者因為儀式的互動。

This discussion will focus on the Guangcheng Yizhi tradition, a Daoist ritual tradition that has been popular in the Chengdu Plain in Sichuan since the mid-Qing Dynasty. Through the analysis of relevant Daoist texts and ritual documents (wenjian) directly linked to Buddhism, I examine the Daoist perceptions or interpretations on Buddhist gods, legends, and allusions, and how they were transformed in rituals and interactions between Buddhists monks and daoists. From the perspective of Daoist practice, I explore why certain rituals are used, the contexts and considerations for their use, and hope to discuss in turn the influence and the active role of Buddhists in their elaboration. Based on the content of the text, the inquiry is divided into four aspects: cooperation organized by official (or external) force, additions to the ritual text, direct traces of the cooperation in the ritual document, and interactions of the believers through the ritual.