北宋前期陳摶一系《易》學圖說與《洪範》會通析論

An Analysis of the Integration of Yi Diagrams and Hongfan by Chen Tuan and his Followers in the First Half of Northern Song Dynasty

陳摶一系丹道本色的《易》學圖說，為北宋前期《易》學發展之主流，並在之後形成廣泛影響。復以《洪範》學應合時代政治、儒釋道的合流，也成為時代的另一學風。二者同行，交互影響，為宋代學術發展的特有現象。陳摶作為圖說的先啟者，其思想元素與基本主張，與《洪範》固有文本與傳統詮說之同義者，尤其展示在陰陽五行之觀念，乃至伏羲制卦為先天之說的主張，沿用漢代以來學者詮解《洪範》與《易傳》的普遍觀點。以《洪範》作為源頭之義，有關之思想觀念，至陳摶而整合為更全面的體系化、圖象化思想。本文關注《易》與《洪範》的會通，明確以陳摶一系，發展至劉牧、邵雍、周敦頤三家的北宋前期為主體，瞭解《易》說會通《洪範》的重要內涵與流衍情形。希望透過對《易》說會通《洪範》圖說數理化的梳理，以深入而宏觀之視野，認識陳摶一系《易》學圖說會通《洪範》的具體概況，確立諸家會通之可能關係與實質內涵，以及在學術史上的重要意義。

The theory of Yi diagrams formulated by Chen Tuan, based on his ideology of Dandao, or Daoist Alchemy, became the mainstream of the interpretation of Yi in the early Northern Song Dynasty, made possible by his disciples and followers. Concurrent with this trend is the revival of Hongfan (or the Great Plan) in concordance with the current political atmosphere, and the integration of Confucianism, Buddhism and Daoism. The interaction of these two tendencies in intellectual thought has formed a unique phenomenon in the academic development in the Song Dynasty. With focus on the integration and mutual interpretation of the two trends, the present study aims to explore the importance and the influence of the Yi diagrams theory formulated by Chen Tuan, as well as the later generations he had a profound influence upon: Liu Mu, Shao Yong, and Zhou Dunyi. By combing through the integration of Yi diagrams and Hongfan, and through the presentation of Yi diagrams with numbers and philosophical ideas, the study also discusses the academic contexts from which the trend of integration arises, establishes the potential connections of the ideas put forward by these scholars, and makes conclusions about the important meanings and implications their theories convey in the history of Yixue.