越南中國專家養成攻略：南北越的異同

The Making of China Experts in Vietnam: Divergences and Convergences Between North and South

作為中國的鄰國，越南在中國研究領域發展出自身獨特的學術傳統。受中國文化影響及雙邊關係複雜性的影響，中國學／漢學長期以來一直是越南學術界的重要學科。然而，由於越南特殊的歷史背景，亦即曾經南北分裂的經驗，以及其特有的政治環境，越南漢學的發展呈現出兩條不同的路徑。北越的中國研究專家多接受較為系統性的訓練，並承擔來自政治權力較多的期望與壓力；相較之下，南越中國研究專家的訓練方式較為自由，受到的政治干預也較少。本文即聚焦於北越與南越中國學發展以及其訓練中國研究者方式的異同，主張兩者雖路徑各異，但皆具有其重要性與代表性。本文主要以家庭與文化背景的影響，以及系統性訓練和制度化程度等因素作為分析框架，對北越和南越兩地中國研究專家的學術訓練模式進行比較，藉此探討越南中國學多元發展背後的歷史與制度脈絡。

As a neighbor of China, Vietnam has cultivated a distinctive approach to China studies. Shaped by Chinese cultural influence and the complexities of bilateral relations, Sinology has long held a vital place in Vietnamese academia. Yet, due to Vietnam’s unique historical trajectory as a oncedivided nation and its distinct political contexts, Vietnamese Sinology has evolved along two divergent paths. Northern Sinologists received more systematic training and operated under greater political expectations, while their Southern counterparts followed a more informal academic path, with less state intervention. This article explores the equally significant but contrasting developments of Sinology in North and South Vietnam, focusing on a comparative analysis of training methods through two key lenses: cultural heritage and institutionalized instruction.