國中生體適能測試對記憶力及學科成績的相關性探討

An Investigation of the Correlation Between Physical Fitness Tests and Memory and Academic Performance in Junior High School Students

目的：本研究旨在探討中學生體適能測試與學業成績的相關性，進而探究中學生體適能發展能力與大腦記憶力發展之間有無相關性。方法：以39位國中一年級學生作為研究對象（男16位，女23位），並收集其體適能測試的成績、記憶力測驗成績及學業成績作為研究數據。所得資料資料使用皮爾森積差相關進行分析。結果：語文與長期記憶呈高度相關，數學與跳繩呈高度相關，英語與長期記憶呈高度相關，道法與跳繩、長期記憶、肺活量呈中度相關，歷史與跳繩呈高度相關，地理與耐力跑、跳繩、落尺測試呈中度相關。生物與跳繩呈高度相關。五十米跑、坐姿體前彎、閉眼單足立、短期記憶對學科成績無明顯相關。結論：1.在體適能測試項目中，跳繩運動是屬於全身性的運動，不僅需要有氧能力對對於協調性也有相當的要求，而跳繩運動成績更與學業成績呈顯著性正相關，顯示跳繩運動有提升學業成績的趨勢。2.反應力訓練需要高強度的專注力，因此可能與中學生記憶力呈顯性的正相關。

Objective: This study aims to explore the correlation between physical fitness test results and academic performance among junior high school students, and further investigate the relationship between physical fitness development and memory development. Method: The study involved 39 first-year junior high school students (16 male, 23 female) as subjects. Data were collected on their physical fitness test results, Rey Auditory - Verbal Learning Test scores, and academic performance. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to analyze the collected data. Results: There was a high correlation between language and long-term memory, mathematics and rope skipping, as well as English and long-term memory. Moderate correlations were observed between civics with rope skipping, long-term memory, and lung capacity. Additionally, a high correlation was found between history and rope skipping, while geography showed moderate correlations with endurance running, rope skipping, and ruler drop test. A high correlation was also noted between biology and rope skipping. No significant correlations were found between the 50-meter run, sit-and-reach test, one-leg stance with eyes closed, and short-term memory with academic performance. Conclusion: 1. Among the physical fitness test items, rope skipping, being a full-body exercise, requires both aerobic capacity and coordination, showing a significant positive correlation with academic performance. This suggests that rope skipping may have a tendency to improve academic achievements. 2. Reaction training requires high levels of focus and attention, which may be positively correlated with memory development in junior high school students.