廿世紀上半葉越南的儒學爭論——以潘和陳仲金為例

Confucian Debate in Vietnam during the Early-20th-century——The case of Phan Khoi and Tran Trong Kim

在東亞國家的儒學歷史中，學術爭論是一項相當頻繁的活動。這一活動對儒學的理論發展，使其適應時代要求起著至關重要的作用。然而值得注意的是，與漢字文化圈的其他國家不同，在越南的儒學歷史中，幾乎沒有出現過任何重大的爭論。在這種情況下，潘瓌和陳仲金之間的爭論被認為是廿世紀初越南儒學最引人注目的事件之一。本文以潘瓌與陳仲金在越南《婦女新聞》週報上歷期發表的一系列問答式文章為依據，重點分析兩位學者關於儒學問題的爭論，主要包括孔子與宋明理學、無神論者還是有神論者、實行中庸、君主制和民主制、直覺與理智、儒教與西方科學、對孔孟邏輯學的批判等。作者希望通過對潘瓌與陳仲金之爭的個案研究，向讀者介紹越南廿世紀初最引人注目的儒學爭論，並進一步澄清儒教在與西方科學和哲學連結影響下的一些學術問題。

Throughout the history of Confucianism in East Asia, academic debates were common, which contributed to the theoretical growth of Confucianism and adapted to the characteristics of each historical period. Surprisingly, unlike other countries in the region, Vietnam has seen hardly any significant debates on Confucianism over the centuries. In that context, the debate between Phan Khoi and Tran Trong Kim can be considered one of the most notable events in Confucianism in Vietnam during the first half of the twentieth century. Based on a series of question-and-answer exchanges between Phan Khoi and Tran Trong Kim published in the long-running article on Phu Nu Tan Van (Vietnam), the paper focused on analyzing the debate between the two scholars on various Confucian issues, including Confucius and Neo-Confucianism, atheism or theism, practicing the mean, monarchy and democracy, intuition and reason, Confucianism and Western science, and critiques of Confucius and Mencius's logic. By studying the case of the debate between Phan Khoi and Tran Trong Kim, the authors aim to not only introduce the most famous Confucian debate in Vietnam during the first half of the twentieth century, but also contribute to the clarification of academic issues surrounding Confucianism in its interrelationship with Western science and philosophy.