氣候變遷與社會經濟發展對宜蘭溫泉資源之影響

Effects of Climate Change and Socioeconomic Development on Hot Spring Resources in Yilan

本研究為了解氣候變遷所帶來之降雨模式與氣溫改變造成之溫泉水位水溫之影響，及其與溫泉開發之社會經濟影響之相關性，針對宜蘭縣蘇澳、礁溪、員山，共三個溫泉區2018至2023年之資料進行分析，主要涵蓋降雨量、氣溫、溫泉水溫和水位、極端降雨事件、及社會經濟因素等。首先，由降雨量和氣溫的變化顯示近年除了枯水年發生頻率增加外，短延時強降雨發生頻率亦提高；其次，溫泉監測井的水溫和水位分析顯示不同溫泉區具有差異，尤以員山溫泉的變動趨勢較大；最後，由社會經濟因子的分析結果，顯示溫泉區對當地社會和經濟產生正向的影響，包括促進旅遊業發展、創造就業機會、以及促進公共建設發展等。綜上所述，本研究提供有關宜蘭溫泉區未來發展的見解，並建議政府和利害關係人可採取之措施，除可維護當地的社會經濟發展和生活水平，亦可確保寶貴的溫泉資源能夠永續利用，同時應對氣候變遷帶來的挑戰做好準備。

This study aims to examine the impact of climate change–driven variations in rainfall and temperature on hot spring water levels and temperatures, as well as their correlation with the socio-economic effects of hot spring development. The research analyzes data from 2018 to 2023 for three hot spring areas (Su'ao, Jiaoxi, and Yuanshan) in Yilan County, encompassing factors such as rainfall, temperature, hot spring water temperature and level, extreme rainfall events, and socio-economic aspects. Firstly, an increased frequency of both drought years and short-duration heavy rainfall was observed in recent years, as indicated by the analysis of rainfall and temperature variations. Secondly, differences in water temperature and levels among the various hot spring areas were identified in the examination of the hot spring monitoring wells, with Yuanshan Hot Springs showing more significant variations. Finally, the analysis of socio-economic factors demonstrated that the hot spring areas positively impact the local community and economy. These include the promotion of the tourism industry, the creation of employment opportunities, and the fostering of public infrastructure development. In summary, this research provides insights into the future development of Yilan’s hot spring areas and offers recommendations for measures that the government and stakeholders can take. These measures will help sustain local socio-economic development and community living standards, while ensuring the sustainable use of hot spring resources in the face of climate change challenges.