土坂排灣語性相關的詞彙

Sex-related Expressions in Tjuabar Paiwan

禁忌是語言中普遍存在的現象，涉及許多主題。與生命、死亡、儀式和政治等話題相比，性因其高度的喚醒潛力和情感強度而被認為是更禁忌的主題。因此，公開討論性通常被視為是非常不合適的。本研究主要透過田野調查，探討排灣語性相關的詞語及說法，包含器官、性別、親密關係、生育及情慾等詞彙。依據觀察結果，這些詞語或說法主要透過委婉語和比喻性語言（如隱喻、轉喻和明喻）的結合來傳達。這項觀察結果與先前研究的結果一致。委婉語在表達這些概念時起著至關重要的作用，其作用源於禮貌和面子的考慮。最後，需要注意的是，某些早期與性有關的詞語如今已不再具有相同的含義。

Taboo is a ubiquitous phenomenon in language, encompassing various themes. Compared to topics such as life, death, rituals, and politics, sex is considered much more taboo due to its high arousal potential and emotional intensity. Consequently, discussing sex openly is often deemed highly inappropriate. This study primarily examines sex-related expressions and sayings in Paiwan through fieldwork, including terms for organs, gender, intimacy, fertility, and lust. It has been observed that these expressions are predominantly conveyed through a combination of euphemism and figurative language, such as metaphor, metonymy, and simile. This observation aligns with findings from previous studies. Euphemism plays a crucial role in articulating these concepts, driven by considerations of politeness and face-saving. Finally, it is noted that certain sex-related terms from earlier times have evolved and no longer carry the same meanings today.