另一種「世界中」的方法學演練：「土地無意識」的台灣文學批評示例

An Alternative Methodology of“Worldliness”: An Example of Taiwan Literary Criticism through the Lens of“Land Unconscious”

本文自「世界中的台灣文學」所隱含西方「普遍主義」霸權思想回望「台灣主體性」問題，進而思索「另一種」世界中的方法學，是為了抵抗某一套強勢權力所架構而生的「世界中」知識形成邏輯。透過並置討論酒井直樹、張誦聖與史書美等的三篇論文，除了要突顯這套強勢權力的歷史現況，也要藉此激發本文發展所謂另種「世界中」的方法學芻議。面對「西方」支配所造成無數多元性主體漸漸被組織成普遍主義單一中心的多樣特殊性時，我們恐需某種能同時讓「世界」與「台灣」皆為「認識之提供者」的視域，「土地」正是本文嘗試提出之方式。
透過「土地無意識」四項視域所對「西川滿戰後文本」、「反反共陰性筆觸」、「保釣世代與原住民文本的比較」與「黃崇凱《文藝春秋》與《新寶島》」的對話，盼可具現化本文「文本土地體系」的形構可行性。本文企圖透過文學論述而將「土地」再「政治化」，藉此讓攸關文學的各種「行動表達與選擇」更加貼近各類的「土地」。此舉除盼讓「土地」納入歷史與文本的共時性和合，亦盼能供「世界中的台灣文學」與東亞「世界文學研究」某種「相容性」參酌。

This article revisits the issue of“Taiwan subjectivity”from the perspective of Western“universalism”as implied by the concept of“in the world”in Taiwan literature. It seeks to explore an alternative methodology within“another kind”of the world, aiming to resist the epistemological logic of knowledge formation shaped by dominant power structures. By juxtaposing the discussions of three papers by Naoki Sakai, Zhang Song-sheng, and Shih Shu-mei, this article not only highlights the historical realities of such dominant powers but also endeavors to stimulate the development of a proposed“in the world”methodology. Confronted with the imposition of Western dominance, which has caused numerous diverse subjectivities to be gradually organized into a singular, universal center of diverse particularities, we may require a perspective that allows both“the world”and“Taiwan”to function as“providers of knowledge.”The concept of“land”is precisely the approach this article attempts to introduce.
Through the four perspectives of“land unconscious,”this article aims to concretize the feasibility of the so-called“textual land system”by critiquing the post-war texts of Nakaoka Mitsuru, the anti-anti-Communist subtext, the comparison between the Diaoyu generation and indigenous texts, and Huang Chong-kai’s Wenyichunqiu and Xin Baodao. This paper seeks to“re-politicize”the concept of“land”through literary discourse, with the hope that this will bring various“actions, expressions, and choices”in literature closer to different forms of“land.”This effort not only aims to incorporate“land”into the synchronicity and harmony of history and texts, but also hopes to offer a point of consideration for the“compatibility”between“Taiwan literature in the world”and East Asian“world literature studies.”