新區域主義觀點下的中央與地方政府協力關係：行政院組織改造議題與對話

The Central-local Government Partnership under the New Regionalism Perspective: Issues and Dialogues on the Organizational Reform of the Executive Yuan

目前我國行政院組織架構是於民國101年開始施行，主要是將原有的三十七個部會精簡為二十九個，並藉此方案改善過去組織權責劃分不明及缺乏彈性等問題。此外，從民國99年起，部分縣市經過整併或升格為目前六個直轄市（六都），各地方政府的行政區域規模及業務隨之變動或擴增，同時亦面臨政府職能與組織調整之需求。在中央及地方政府皆推動行政革新之際，雙方的互動及協力關係如何調整？影響府際合作及各項政策與業務推動效能甚鉅。本文透過文獻分析及訪談方法，探索我國中央與地方政府對組改後職能分工、運作模式等重要議題的認知與期待；並從新區域主義角度，分別以溝通模式、合作內涵和協同方法三面向，探討及分析未來中央與地方協力治理及府際關係運作之可行模式。
本文研究發現，政府改造除了考量組織架構外，更要注意功能、人員及權責關係的變化。在動態時空環境中，業務執行可能隨時變動，特別要關注機關內部橫向與縱向的整合，以及中央與地方之間的協調等情況。在地方自主意識高漲的情形下，主動溝通與提供誘因，讓地方願意配合調整。對於政府外部民間力量，包括參與政府計畫或執行業務的廠商、非營利組織、社區，乃至於民眾的意見，宜一併關注，以減少阻力，事半功倍。

Organizational structure of the Executive Yuan of Republic of China (Taiwan) has been implemented since 2012, mainly to reduce the original 37 ministries to 29, and to improve the past organizational responsibilities of unclear and inflexible disadvantages. In addition, some local counties and cities have been integrated or upgraded to the current six municipalities since 2010, the constituency and business of local governments have changed or expanded, while also facing the need for government functions and organizational adjustment. At a time when both central and local governments are promoting administrative innovation, how the interaction and cooperation between the two sides will be adjusted seems to affect inter-government cooperation and the effectiveness of policies and business significantly. Through the literature analysis and interview method, this paper explores the cognition and expectation of the central and local governments in Taiwan on the important issues such as the division of functions and mode of operation after reform, and explores and analyzes the feasible mode of the future central-local governance and inter-government relations, respectively, from the perspective of new regionalism, i.e. the orientations of communication mode, cooperation connotation and collaborative approach.
The study found that the government reform should pay more attention to the change of function, personnel, and the relationship of authority and responsibility, in addition to considering the organizational structure. In a dynamic environment, business execution can change at any time, with attention to horizontal and vertical integration within the agency and coordination between the central and local authorities particularly. In the case of increasing local autonomy consciousness, take the initiative to communicate and provide incentives, so that the local willing to cooperate with relationship adjustments. For the external relations with civil society forces, including manufacturers involved in government of business, non-profit organizations, local communities, and even the views of the public, it is appropriate to pay effort to reduce resistance.