中央與地方的權限衝突：建立行政管制標準之善治與法治

The Conflict of Competence: The Good Governance and the Rule of Law for Establishing the Standard of Administrative Regulations

中央與地方的權限衝突是我國民主化以來長期存在的問題，近年更因諸如瘦肉精殘留標準或空污排放標準等行政管制標準之建立而愈演愈烈。由於我國憲法是在單一國的架構下潛藏聯邦國的精神，以及政治社會現實的影響；權限衝突透過法學解釋途徑解決，其結果是中央主導的態勢愈來愈明顯，而地方自治權日益萎縮。
然而，新的民主治理典範特別強調多層次治理、多元參與、權力共享與制衡，以及法治等價值。若將此善治理念引入憲法解釋中，則可喚醒潛藏於憲法結構裡的聯邦國基因，進而成為解決中央與地方權限衝突的指引方針。

The conflict of competence between the central and local governments has been a long-standing problem since the R.O.C. started its democratization. In recent years, it has become more and more severe due to establishing the standard of administrative regulations such as pork containing Ractopamine residue levels or air pollution discharge standards. The result of legal interpretation to resolve conflicts of authority is that the dominance of the central government becomes more and more apparent and the local autonomy shrinks due to a single-state structure with hidden federalism of R.O.C.’s Constitution and the influence of social and political reality.
However, the new paradigm of democratic governance emphasizes the values of multi-level governance, multiple participation, power-sharing and checks and balances, and the rule of law. Suppose this idea of good governance is introduced into the constitutional interpretation. In that case, it can awaken the genes of the federalism hidden in the constitutional structure, and then become the guiding principle for resolving the conflicts between central and local authorities.