週期化阻力訓練對籃球員在賽季期體能表現的變化之先發與替補球員差異探討

Performance Change During a Competitive Season in Basketball Players: Examining Differences Between Starters and Nonstarters

前言：籃球是一項高強度間歇性運動，尤其在肌力、爆發力與速度上更是影響比賽勝負關鍵因素。籃球的賽季期約6-8個月左右，其中包含非賽季期的訓練，過去國外學者研究在賽季期（on season）的運動員可能因為比賽或訓練導致體能表現的變化。此外，先發（starters）或替補（nonstarters）球員的體能表現，都可能是影響比賽勝負的關鍵因素。目的：本文透過相關文獻的蒐集與歸納，整理出在週期化阻力訓練對賽季期先發與替補體能表現差異，並針對所得到的研究結果進行評論與建議，以提供肌力與體能教練與籃球選手相關資訊。結論：文獻總結發現，在賽季期進行一週1-2阻力訓練，能有效提升運動員在肌力與爆發力的表現。此外，替補球員有氧能力比先發差，且先發比替補球員更能夠維持甚至提升體能表現。目前文獻主要針對國外賽制上進行體能表現的研究與國內賽制有所不同，建議未來可針對不同賽制進一步深入探討。

Preface: Basketball is a high intensity intermittent sport, especially in terms of strength, power and speed, which are the key factors affecting the outcome of the game. The basketball season lasts about 6-8 months, which does not include off-season training. Previously, foreign scholars have studied the changes in physical performance of athletes during the on-season (on season) due to competition or training. The study aimed at starters and nonstarters, and it showed that starters can improve performance more than nonestarters during the season. However, due to differences in season schedule structure and setup in various countries, could this be the cause? Purpose: Through the collection and induction of relevant information and research, this article sorts out the differences in performance between starters and nonestarters during the season, and then it makes comments and suggestions on the obtained research results. The research results are then provided to basketball coaches, strength and conditioning coaches, and athletic trainer. Conclusions: The summary of the literature found that 1-2 resistance training a week during the season, starters can maintain or even improve physical performance than substitute players, and substitutes may have reduced aerobic capacity due to less playing time are different, therefore in future it is recommended to perform similar study on various types of season structures.