公私協力的追蹤研究——以國立海洋生物博物館為例

A Follow-Up Study on the Development of Public-Private Partnerships: A Case Study of the National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium

公私協力推行的目的是為了解決政府財政困境，並且期待透過民間資源的投入，達成社會資源整合，滿足人民日漸增加的需求。而獲得財政部設立之金擘獎肯定的個案，則顯示其在協力運作上有良好的成效。然而，過去文獻對於協力成效的研究多半僅關注部分時間點，卻忽略隨著時間的推移，協力後期環境改變、各項誘因減弱時，協力關係的成效也可能發生改變，故需要持續追蹤公私協力的後續發展。因此，本文選取國立海洋生物博物館（下稱海生館）為個案，並以海生館獲得金擘獎的2004年區分協力的前期與後期，檢視海生館在獲獎之後其營運成效有何變化？研究發現財務效益的部分與協力前期相比確實較少，主要是因為外在的不可抗力因素，影響海生館的營運收入而使財務效益下滑。社會效益則是呈現部分增加的情形，特別是在海洋教育的研究發展成果有明顯的提升，海洋教育的推廣則無法判斷。社區效益則同樣有部分增加的情況，在增加居民工作機會的部分，協力後期因海生館所帶動的旅遊行程讓在地居民有更多元的工作選擇。不過海生館所舉辦之回饋社區的活動，海生館與社區居民有認知不一致的情形，而難以辨別協力前期與後期成效的變化。

The purpose of implementing public-private partnerships is to address the government's financial challenges and to achieve the integration of social resources through the involvement of private-sector resources. This approach aims to meet the growing needs of the public. The case that received recognition from the Golden Thumb Award, established by the Ministry of Finance, demonstrates the effectiveness of collaborative operations. However, past research on the performance of such partnerships has mostly focused on a specific period. This approach neglects the possibility that, as time passes and the environment changes or various incentives weaken, the effectiveness of these partnerships might also change. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously monitor the subsequent development of public-private partnerships. This paper selects the National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium (hereinafter referred to as NMMBA) as a case study and uses 2004-the year NMMBA received the Golden Thumb Award-to distinguish between the early and later stages of the partnership. It examines how the operational performance of NMMBA has changed since receiving the award. The research findings indicate that financial benefits were indeed lower compared to the early stages of the partnership, primarily due to external uncontrollable factors that impacted NMMBA's operating revenue, leading to a decline in financial performance. As for social benefits, there was a partial increase, especially in the research and development outcomes of marine education, which showed significant improvement. However, the promotion of marine education could not be clearly evaluated. Community benefits also showed a partial increase, particularly in providing more diverse job opportunities for residents, driven by tourism activities associated with NMMBA in the later stages of the partnership. Nevertheless, there was a discrepancy in perception between NMMBA and the residents regarding the community activities organized by NMMBA, making it difficult to determine the changes in effectiveness between the early and later stages of the partnership.