如何展開刑訴法的第四次修改？基於立法歷程觀察的思考

改革開放以來，中國刑事訴訟法經歷了一次“初立”和三次“修改”。自1979年《刑事訴訟法》實現從“0”到“1”的突破後，數次修改均是從“1”到“1.1”“1.2”……的漸變過程。觀察立法歷程，我國刑事訴訟立法改革因循一種漸進、適度的修改邏輯，始終強調國家的主導作用，但也注重社會參與和改革共識的達成。這種改革趨勢或許將持續———過去怎麼改，也將大概率地影響現在和將來怎麼改。在整體改革步伐趨穩的背景下，第四次刑事訴訟法修改不可能是一次“大改”，且與大改相應的法典化也難在此次修改中實現，但與數字訴訟法、涉外刑事訴訟程序以及其他已經達成共識或積累有益經驗的改革可能會列入修改內容。在中國式刑事訴訟現代化背景下，此次修改將會是順應數字時代和全球競合，體現國家需要，並基於科學、民主的“小改”或“微改”。

Since the reform and opening-up, China's criminal procedure law has undergone an initial establishment in 1979 and three subsequent revisions. After the breakthrough from“0”to“1”in 1979, each amendment has been a gradual process from“1”to“1.1”,“1.2”, and so on. The legislative history reveals that China's criminal procedure reforms follow a logic of gradual, moderate adjustment, emphasizing state leadership while also considering social participation and consensus. This trend suggests that past changes will likely influence current and future reforms. In the context of a stable overall reform pace, the fourth amendment to the criminal procedure law is unlikely to be a major overhaul or involve codification. However, it may address digital litigation laws, international criminal procedures, and other areas where consensus has been reached or beneficial experiences have been accumulated. In the context of modernizing criminal procedure with Chinese characteristics, this amendment is expected to align with the digital age and global competition, reflecting national needs through scientific and democratic“small”or“minor”adjustments. Thus, China's criminal procedure legislation will continue to exhibit high creativity and strong vitality.