生物多樣性國際條約的國內適用問題研究

Research on the Domestic Application of International Biodiversity Conventions

生物多樣性國際條約國內適用的思路和方式整體遵循國際條約國內適用的一般原理。生物多樣性國際條約國內適用的現行規定嚴密性和系統化程度不足，直接適用的規定不盡明確，間接適用的規定存在空白。為統籌推進國內法治和涉外法治，有必要探索契合法治實際的生物多樣性國際條約的國內適用路徑。在整體系統觀的理論視野下，針對生物多樣性國際條約國內適用的規範疏漏與實踐困境，應完善混合適用的立法模式、優化直接適用的規範設計以提升規範的整體性，借由法律解釋和案例指導制度系統指導生物多樣性國際條約國內適用的實踐，為中國參與並引領全球生物多樣性治理提供法律支持。

The thinking and methods of domestic application of international biodiversity conventions follow the general principles of domestic application of international treaties. The provisions of the current law on the domestic application of international biodiversity conventions are lack of rigor and systematization, the rule of direct application of aforementioned conventions are not clear, and there are gaps in the provisions on indirect application. In order to take a coordinated approach to the rule of law at home and in matters involving foreign parties, it is essential to explore the path of domestic application of the conventions that is more in line with the reality of the rule of law. From the theoretical perspective of the holistic system view, the normative omissions and practical dilemmas in the domestic application of international treaties on biodiversity could be addressed by enhancing the integrity of the norms through improving the legislative model of mixed application and optimizing the design of norms for direct application. Additionally, the practice of the domestic application of international biodiversity conventions should be systematically guided through legal interpretation and the case guidance system, providing legal support for China’s participation in and leadership of global biodiversity governance.