印太經濟框架供應鏈協議——供應鏈規制的國際經貿協定新範式及其借鑒

The Indo-Pacific Economic Framework Supply Chain Agreement: A New Paradigm for International Economic Agreements on Supply Chain Regulation and Its Implications

《印太經濟框架供應鏈協議》是首部以“供應鏈韌性”為名的國際經貿協定。其談判模式具有創新性和靈活性，談判因而得以快速完成。該協議以促進供應鏈國際合作為核心，通過具有軟約束力的實體性義務提升締約方合作意願，設立供應鏈理事會、供應鏈危機應對網絡和勞工權利諮詢委員會為合作提供常態化的機制支持。該協議的獨特性使其成為供應鏈規制的國際經貿協定新範式。該協議的“軟義務、硬機制”設計契合“一帶一路”實踐的軟法治理理念，符合高質量共建“一帶一路”國際合作機制的現實需要。我國可以借鑒《印太經濟框架供應鏈協議》，對該協議內容作適當增減，以形成供應鏈規制之國際規則和話語體系的中國立場。

The Indo-Pacific Economic Framework Supply Chain Agreement represents the first international economic agreement named for“supply chain resilience”. Its innovative and flexible negotiating model allowed for rapid completion. Central to the agreement is the promotion of international cooperation in supply chains, enhancing the willingness of parties to cooperate through soft law obligations. It establishes the Supply Chain Council, the Supply Chain Crisis Response Network, and the Labor Rights Advisory Board to provide regular mechanism support for cooperation. The uniqueness of this agreement marks a new paradigm in international economic agreements concerning supply chain regulation. Its design of“soft obligations, hard mechanisms”aligns with the soft law governance philosophy seen in the“Belt and Road”Initiative, meeting the practical needs of high-quality international cooperation mechanisms for the“Belt and Road”Initiative. China could draw on the Indo-Pacific Economic Framework Supply Chain Agreement, adjusting its content as necessary, to shape an international rule and discourse system for supply chain regulation from the Chinese perspective.