臺南市開南與橋北安居社會住宅導入同層排水（SFD）與整體衛浴（UB）之實踐與省思

The Practice and Reflection oflntroducing Same Floor Drainage (SFD) and Unit Bathroom (UB) in Kainan and Qiaobei Social Housing in Tainan

傳統住宅浴廁由於樓板貫穿管線，常引發滲漏水、噪音傳遞，以及跨樓層維修權責不清的糾紛。此問題不僅影響居住品質，更加重建築維護與管理的成本。為回應長期積累的住宅缺陷，內政部於2023年修訂《建築技術規則》設備篇第29-1條，新建住宅全面採用同層排水系統（Same Floor Drainage，簡稱SFD），以避免樓板穿管所帶來的結構與防水風險。

Tainan's Kainan and Qiaobei social housing developments are Taiwan's first large-scale applications of same-floor drainage (SFD) together with prefabricated unit bathrooms (UB). This paper examines design and construction coordination, regulatory drivers, user experience and maintenance, and a cost-benefit comparison. SFD eliminates slab penetrations and localizes maintenance responsibility within each dwelling, thereby reducing leakage disputes and acoustic transmission. Factory-produced UBs enhance waterproofing integrity, dimensional accuracy, and installation speed, while facilitating standardized testing and systematic maintenance. We propose a simplified installation workflow—design coordination (BIM/shop drawings), mock-up/trial installation and factory acceptance testing (FAT/ Factory Acceptance Test), factory prefabrication, on-site preparation, hoisting and positioning, MEP connection, site acceptance testing (SAT/Site Acceptance Test) and water-ponding tests—followed by handover with operations and maintenance (O&M) manuals. Although initial costs are higher than for conventional bathrooms (approximately +30°1<。in these projects), shorter fit-out periods, a lower probability of slab leakage, and efficient replacement yield more favorable life-cycle costs. Given substantial government investment in SFD and UB within social-housing programs, this approach is poised to catalyze industrialization and standardization in residential construction. Looking ahead, treating SFD+UB as part of the building ''equipment''—with clear interface and warranty definitions and ITP-based quality control—can further enhance residential quality.