透過「萃先堂碑記」探討越南會安地區明鄉人社群的發展歷程與文化記憶

Exploring the Development and Cultural Memory of the MingXiang Community in the Hoi An Area of Vietnam Through the“Cui Xian Tang Stele Inscription”

本研究旨在透過詳細解析《萃先堂碑記》之碑文，探討越南廣南國至阮朝時期會安地區明鄉人社群之發展歷程與文化記憶。碑文記載了當地「萃先堂」之建立緣由、供奉對象、歷史沿革，以及其對社群發展之重要意義。本研究以越南廣南省會安地區之「明鄉萃先堂」為核心，探討明清鼎革之際，大量明朝遺民遷徙至越南，形成重要的華裔群體——明香人（後稱明鄉人）在阮主及阮朝統治下的社會轉化歷程。透過碑文資料、與其他文獻，本文試圖重建會安地區明鄉社群的建立、制度化與地方社會參與過程。明鄉人由原本懷抱故國情懷的流亡群體，在越南南進與本土政權吸納政策推動下，逐漸建構起自我治理的社群單位，發展出商業、文化、教育與宗教活動的多元網絡。他們在廣南國和阮朝的統治下，積極參與當地的經濟、文化建設，對越南社會產生了深遠影響。本文以會安明鄉萃先堂的碑文為主要資料，分析明鄉人的社會結構、文化認同與歷史作用。

This study aims to explore the development and cultural memory of the MingXiang community in the Hoi An region from the Quang Nam state to the Nguyen Dynasty period in Vietnam, through a detailed textual analysis of the“Cui Xian Tang Stele Inscription.”The inscription records the establishment, objects of worship, historical evolution, and significance to local community development of the“Cui Xian Tang”in the area. This research focuses on the“MingXiang Cui Xian Tang”in the Hoi An region of Quang Nam province, Vietnam, to investigate the social transformation of the MingXiang people (later referred to as MingXiang), an important Chinese immigrant group formed by a large number of Ming Dynasty loyalists who migrated to Vietnam during the Ming-Qing transition, under the rule of the Nguyen Lords and the Nguyen Dynasty. Utilizing stele inscription data and other historical documents, this paper attempts to reconstruct the establishment, institutionalization, and local societal participation of the MingXiang community in the Hoi An area. The MingXiang people, originally a group of exiles cherishing nostalgia for their homeland, gradually built self-governing community units under the promotion of Vietnam's southward expansion and the local regime’s policy of assimilation, developing a diverse network of commerce, culture, education, and religion. Under the rule of the Quang Nam state and the Nguyen Dynasty, they actively participated in the local economy and cultural construction, exerting a profound influence on Vietnamese society. This paper uses the stele inscription of the Cui Xian Tang in MingXiang, Hoi An, as the primary source to analyze the social structure, cultural identity, and historical role of the Minh Huong people.