探討青少年補習時間與憂鬱情緒之關聯：睡眠時間之調節作用

The Relationship between Tutoring Time and Depressed Moods: The Moderating Effect of Sleeping Time

在台灣，學業是學生的最大壓力來源，甚至可能會引起學生的憂鬱情緒發生。雖然教育相關單位不斷進行教育改革，但學生的考試壓力仍然存在，許多學生會選擇參加補習。然而，學生參加補習的時間與其憂鬱情緒之關係並不清晰。故本研究旨在探討青少年補習時間與憂鬱情緒之關聯，並分析睡眠時間在兩者間的調節作用，以及性別與學校類型是否會造成憂鬱情緒之差異。研究樣本取自台灣教育長期追蹤資料庫（TEPS）之民國90學年度國中一年級學生問卷，共計13,420人。使用多元迴歸模型進行統計分析。結果發現：（1）青少年之補習時間與憂鬱情緒並沒有相關性；（2）睡眠時間對補習時間與憂鬱情緒之關係具有調節作用，當學生睡眠時間不充足時，不論其補習時間之長短，其憂鬱情緒始終處於較高水平，但當學生睡眠時間充足時，其補習時間增長，憂鬱情緒程度反而較低；（3）女生之憂鬱情緒多於男生；（4）私立學校學生之憂鬱情緒多於公立學校學生之憂鬱情緒。最後，本研究依據研究發現，進行討論，並提出相關建議以供參考。

Academics were the biggest source of stress for students in Taiwan, and it might even cause depressed moods among students. Although education-related units continued to carry out educational reforms, students' exam pressure still existed. And many students chose to take tutoring. However, to date, there has been little agreement on the relationship between tutoring time and depressed moods. Therefore, this study aims to explore the relationship between adolescents' tutoring time and depressed moods and analyze the moderating role of sleeping time between the two, as well as whether gender and school type cause differences in depression. 13,420 participants were junior high school students from 2001-2002 in the Taiwan Educational Panel Survey (TEPS). This study conducted statistical analysis using a multiple regression model. The results showed: (1) There was no correlation between tutoring time and depressed moods. (2) Sleeping time moderated the relationship between tutoring time and depressed moods. When students did not have enough sleeping time, regardless of the length of their tutoring time, their depressed moods were always at a high level. However, when students got enough sleep their tutoring time increased, and their depression levels were lower. (3) Girls are more depressed than boys; (4) Private school students are more depressed than public school students. Finally, the study discussed the results and gave some advice to adults and future research.