修復式司法在性侵害案件的應用：給修復式促進者的實務指南

The application of restorative justice in sexual assault cases: A practical guide for restorative promoters

性侵害是一種性別的暴力，對被害人而言，是一種難以言說的痛，所造成的影響不僅是身體的傷害，更是心理與心靈的創傷。此類創傷常涉及關係的破壞，透過修復式司法，讓被害人有機會表達自己的意見，了解加害人的動機，釐清本身所遭遇事件的脈絡，修正負面的認知與情緒，提升自我效能感與自尊心。本文說明性侵害創傷的特質，並探討修復、道歉、原諒的概念及相關研究，提出進入修復式會談必須以被害人的復原及需求為核心，其評估原則有以下五項：以被害人的意願與需求為主、評估雙方性暴力的權控本質、評估被害人所處的復原階段、使被害人充分了解修復式司法的內涵、修復式促進者是實踐人際正義的重要角色。最後提出：關切、同理、需求、溝通、認錯、道歉、補償、修復等八項實際作為給實務工作者參考。

Sexual assault is a kind of gender-based violence, which is an unspeakable pain for the victim. The impact is not only physical harm, but also psychological and spiritual trauma. This type of trauma often involves the destruction of relationships. Through restorative justice, victims have the opportunity to express their opinions, understand the motivations of the perpetrators, clarify the context of the events they encountered, correct negative cognitions and emotions, and enhance self-efficacy and self-esteem. This article explains the characteristics of sexual assault trauma, explores the concepts of repair, apology, forgiveness and related research, and proposes that entering into restorative interviews must focus on the recovery and needs of the victim. Its assessment principles include the following five: focus on the wishes and needs of the victim, assess the power-control nature of sexual violence on both sides, assess the recovery stage of the victim, enable the victim to fully understand the connotation of restorative justice, and restorative facilitators are important roles in the practice of interpersonal justice. Finally, eight practical practices are proposed for practical workers to refer to: concern, empathy, demand, communication, admitting mistakes, apology, compensation, and repair.