無米之炊不停炊：獵才顧問的代位職務分析與其活動系統

Making Bricks Without Straw: Pragmatic Job Analysis of Search Consultants and Its Activity System

獵才顧問在協助企業人才媒合時，經常面臨理論與實務的落差：理論上，獵才顧問應依據企業提供的徵才標準進行招募與甄選，但實務上卻往往在徵才標準尚未明確前就需展開代位任用活動。這種落差並非源於獵才顧問自身偏好，而是起於其所處在矛盾的活動系統中。本研究旨在探討獵才顧問如何因應與化解此系統層級矛盾，透過訪談8位獵才顧問，並分析其日常實踐，我們發現其主要面臨的挑戰為職務說明不完整與不準確的系統層級矛盾。為此，他們發展出短期與長期策略應對：短期內，透過「快又髒」的代位職務分析提升效率；長期則培養與虛工共處的認知策略。這些應對方式使獵才顧問即使面對如無米之炊的任用活動外包，仍舊能持續不停炊。最後，我們討論研究結果的理論與實務意涵。

Search consultants typically experience a yawning gap between theory and practice. In theory, they recruit and select candidates based on job requirements set by hiring organizations. However, in practice, they often begin the process before these requirements are fully established. This gap attributes to system-level tensions emerge within the activity system in which they operate in. To examine how search consultants navigate this challenge, we interviewed eight professionals and conducted an activity-theoretical analysis. Our findings reveal job descriptions are frequently considered incomplete or imprecise. In response, search consultants develop both short- and long-term resolutions. In the short term, they conduct“quick-and-dirty”or pragmatic job analyses to expedite recruitment. In the long term, they adopt cognitive strategies to adapt to the evolving system. These resolutions allow search consultants to function effectively despite uncertainties. Ultimately, they shape both their own practices and the broader activity system. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of these findings.