社區發展協會的環境公民行動：資源依賴與制度性鑲嵌的交叉分析

Environmental-Citizenship Actions in Community Development Associations: A Cross-sectional Analysis of Resource Dependency and Institutional Embeddedness

社區發展協會以組織型態營造在地民眾互動網絡，應可視為環境公民行動的行為主體，以作為居民投入的引導者。組織層次的環境公民行動，可歸納為資訊類（環保資訊宣傳）及行動類（舉辦環保活動）兩個面向。本文梳理社區發展協會從事環境公民行動的影響因素，包括資源依賴及制度性鑲嵌因素，並建構主觀性調查研究及客觀性條件資料的整合型資料庫，以客觀性的條件變項作為準實驗設計的主要變項，有效樣本數=217，依據資源及系絡制度之高低程度，各別區分為二組：實驗組（高資源條件組、高數量制度規範組）與對照組（低資源條件組、低數量制度規範組），採取高／低組別之橫斷面非傳統差異中的差異（difference-in-difference, DID）交叉分析，並納入地理系絡及主觀性感知沉澱成本作為控制變項，以DID圖形及簡單DID迴歸模型（simple DID regression models）進行分析。
資源依賴觀點獲得研究結果的支持，惟值得注意的是，城市綠色自治條例數量對環境公民行動的幫助，較明顯存在於專職人力數量較多者，而城市綠色自治規則，卻往往呈現了對環境公民行動的阻礙。故城市對於環境行動的制度性規範，應考量社區發展協會的條件，藉由區分制度設計、適度鬆綁及配套補助等措施，應能有利於規模較小的社區發展協會繼續投入環境公民行動。

Community development associations create networks of local interactions through the emergence of organizational patterns, which can be regarded as the main agents of environmental citizenship actions, guiding residents' participation. Organizational-level environmental citizenship actions can be categorized into two aspects: informational (environmental information dissemination) and action-oriented (organizing environmental events) activities. This article examines the influencing factors of community development associations' engagement in environmental citizenship actions, including resource dependency and institutional embeddedness factors, and establishes an integrated database combining subjective survey data and objective data, using objective condition variables as the main variables in a quasi-experimental design. The effective sample size is 217 observations, divided into two groups based on the levels of resources and institutional conditions: the experimental groups (high resource condition group, high institutional norm group) and the control groups (low resource condition group, low institutional norm group). A method of cross-sectional Difference- in-Differences (DID) analysis using high／low group categorization is employed, with geographic context and subjective perception of sunk costs included as control variables. Analysis is conducted using DID graphs and simple DID regression models.
The research results corroborate the resource dependency perspective. Notably, the number of urban green Self-government Ordinances could relatively and significantly aid environmental citizenship actions, particularly where there is a larger number of full-time staff. However, urban green Self-government Regulations often hinder environmental citizenship actions. Therefore, urban institutional regulations on environmental actions should consider the conditions of community development associations. Measures such as differentiated institutional design, appropriate deregulation, and complementary subsidies should benefit smaller community development associations in continuing their environmental citizenship actions.