在反恐怖主義之外：911事件後印尼的激進伊斯蘭運動分析

Beyond Anti-terrorism: Analysis of Indonesian Radical Islamic Movements in the Post-911 Era

學界一般多從「反恐怖主義」的觀點分析。本研究主張，要理解「伊斯蘭祈禱團」至「伊斯蘭國宣傳團」運動，必須跳出「恐怖主義」與「反恐怖主義」二元對立的思維，應將其擺回印尼自反殖民獨立以來「伊斯蘭」與「政治」對抗的歷史脈絡下來觀察。
回顧印尼獨立後「伊斯蘭」與「政治」從合作到對抗的歷史，激進的伊斯蘭團體–「伊斯蘭祈禱團」（JI）、「神權游擊隊」（JAD）並非是外來的產物，而有其本土的根源，其根源可追溯至印尼獨立初期之「伊斯蘭國」武裝反抗運動（Darul Islam Movement）。
本文透過「宗教政治化」（Politicization of Religion）視角來分析「伊斯蘭祈禱團」（JI）至「神權游擊隊」（JAD）運動，是承繼「伊斯蘭國」（Darul Islam）的目標–為了在印尼建立一個伊斯蘭國家即「印度尼西亞伊斯蘭國」（Negara Islam Indonesia）而奮鬥，恐怖主義只是手段，其本質是「印尼伊斯蘭國」運動的再起，是伊斯蘭「宗教政治化」的明顯案例。

In the Post-911 era, the most violent and internationally concerned terrorist organizations in Indonesia were the“Jemaah Islamiyah”and“Jamaah Ansharut Daulah“, which planned and launched a series of terrorist attacks including the Bali bombings during the past twenty years in Indonesia. Their goals were to pursues to establish an Islamic state in Indonesia in accordance with Islamic law, namely“Negara Islam Indonesia”. The“Jemaah Islamiyah”and“Jemaah Ansharut Daulah”movements were not foreign products, but has its local roots, which can be traced back to the Darul Islam armed resistance movement in the early days of Indonesia's independence.
This article analyzes from the perspective of“politicization of religion”, the“Jemaah Islamiyah”to“Jemaah Ansharut Daulah”terrorist movement in the post-911 era is the resurgence of Islamic state movement in Indonesia. Terrorist attacks are just their means. It is an obvious case of the politicization of religion (Islam).