巴育執政下軍人勢力對泰國政治的影響

The Influence of Military Power on Thai Politics under Prayuth’s Control

2014年發生泰國軍事政變後，巴育（Prayuth Chan-O Cha）掌權後將《2007年憲法》廢除，自2006年政變與2014年政變，其實都以保護國家與君主制為主要訴求，泰國的國家改革就成為一個流行詞，軍方對於2014年政變理由是「使各地持續暴力抗議行為盡早落幕，恢復和平」，並發誓以重新和諧國家為藉口，恢復泰國人民的團結。政變發生後，國家和平與秩序委員會（NCPO）將國家改革視為首要任務，也作為政變後最強大組織。巴育以NCPO領導人的身分主掌國家政治機關，透過《臨時憲法》合法化其設立依據，透過NCPO重新制定議程掌握國家政治機制中絕對權力。NCPO於2019年7月16日解散前，巴育總理要求泰國NLA將44條命令寫入《2017年憲法》，確定NCPO解散後仍具法律效力。本文將廓清巴育軍政府執政下的泰國如何透過NCPO與改制憲法與國家總體戰略來求取軍方最大利益。

After the military coup in Thailand in 2014, Prayuth Chan-O Cha abolished the 2007 Constitution after taking power. Since the 2006 coup and the 2014 coup, in fact, the main appeal was to protect the state and the monarchy. Thailand’s National reform has become a buzzword. The military's reason for the 2014 coup was to“end the continued violent protests in various places as soon as possible and restore peace,”and vowed to restore the unity of the Thai people under the pretext of reharmonizing Thailand. After the coup, the National Council for Peace and Order (NCPO) regarded national reform as its top priority and became the most powerful organization after the coup. Prayuth is in charge of the country's political institutions as the leader of the NCPO, legitimizing the basis for its establishment through the Interim Constitution, and re-formulating the agenda through the NCPO to gain absolute power in the state's political mechanism. Before the NCPO was disbanded on July 16, 2019, Prime Minister Prayuth asked the Thai NLA to rewrite Section 44 into the 2017 Constitution to confirm that the NCPO would still have legal effect after it was disbanded. This article will clarify how Thailand under the Prayuth military government seeks the best interests of the military through NCPO, restructuring of the constitution and the overall strategy.