彰化海域離岸風電發展與在地回應：人文地理學「地方」視角

Local Responses to Offshore Wind Power Development in the Changhua Coastal Region: A“Place”Perspective in Human Geography

本文從人文地理學地方的觀點，探討彰化海域離岸風電發展與在地回應。一手資料主要來自半結構式訪談與焦點座談，二手資料則使用臺灣長期社會生態核心觀測彰化站（LTSER Changhua）社會調查資料。研究發現，離岸風電的技術資本讓風場開發得以遠離大多數人所認同或依附的場域，創造了沉默的大多數，在離岸風電發展的討論中缺席。受影響個人代表團體的地方，投入損害補償協商的地方實踐。此外，地方無可避免地沿用過去的抵抗經驗，以受傷害為表徵，間接改變了過去在許可階段與開發商協力的社區發展關係。最後，國家政策有意或無意的將地方視為服務國家發展的地理空間，既無益於建立國家發展的合作關係，也無法滿足淨零轉型對公平正義的追求，更可能錯過共創永續發展價值的契機。

This paper explores local responses to the development of offshore wind power in the Changhua coastal region from the perspective of“place”in human geography. Primary data was collected through semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions, while secondary data was obtained from the Long-Term Socio-Ecological Research (LTSER) program at the Changhua station in Taiwan. The study reveals that the technological capital of offshore wind power allows for the development of wind farms in the areas distant from the places with which most individuals identify or feel an attachment. This results in the creation of a“silent majority,”whose voices are silenced from discussions surrounding offshore wind power development. Affected individuals and representative groups engage in local practices revolving around negotiations for compensation due to their loss and damages. Furthermore, local communities inevitably draw on past experiences of resistance, using their sense of injury as a representation that indirectly alters their previously cooperative relationships with developers during the permitting phase. Ultimately, national policies, intentionally or unintentionally, treat local areas as mere geographic spaces achieving national development objectives. Such an approach not only hinders the establishment of collaborative relationships beneficial to national development but also fails to pursue equity and justice in the transition to net-zero emissions. Additionally, it risks missing opportunities to cocreate sustainable development values.