臺灣都市永續性善治的關鍵挑戰與機會

Key Challenges and Opportunities for Good Governance in Urban Sustainability in Taiwan

永續發展已是全球的共識，但各國家與地區的永續性治理卻是極具差異性與挑戰性，需要跨層級的政府、企業和社區之間的協作，並同時在社會、經濟和環境層面上取得平衡且有效治理。城市僅占地球土地的3%，卻消耗了60~80%的能源和75%的碳排放，是全球永續發展的關鍵。
本文從全球視野，洞察臺灣至展望未來，首先回顧全球永續性治理的歷程、論爭與挑戰，接續探討綜整提出都市永續性整合治理網絡架構，再據此架構檢視臺灣都市永續性善治的關鍵困境以及展望未來的關鍵機會，如結合感性與理性共同進化的雙AI（美慧）時代的發展趨勢。
最後提出：人性的良善才是永續性善治的關鍵、整合治理網絡架構是促進城鄉永續性善治的模組，以及社會共同進化與轉型是永續性善治的必經過程等三項研究結論，以及臺灣邁向都市永續性善治的五大關鍵策略，包含修訂永續發展指標、普設永續委員會、修訂國土及城鄉計畫法、建構永續城鄉創新實踐平臺以及推動多元可負擔住宅，期待加速提升臺灣城鄉的永續性。

Sustainable development has become a global consensus, but the sustainability governance of various countries and regions is extremely different and challenging. It requires cross-level collaboration among governments, enterprises and communities, as well as social, economic and environmental balance and effective governance. Cities only occupy 3% of the Earth’s land, but consume 60-80% of energy and 75% of carbon emissions. They are the key to global sustainable development.
This article provides an insight into Taiwan from a global perspective and looks forward to a sustainable future. It first reviews the history, debates and challenges of global sustainable governance, and then discusses and proposes a comprehensive urban sustainable integrated governance network framework. Based on this framework, it then examines the key dilemmas of good urban sustainable governance in Taiwan and the key opportunities for the future, such as the development trend of the dual AI (Aesthetic & Artificial Intelligence) era that combines the coevolution of sensibility and rationality.
Finally, three research conclusions were proposed: the goodness of human nature is the key to sustainable good governance, the integrated governance network framework is a model for promoting sustainable good governance in urban and rural areas, and social co-evolution and transformation are the necessary processes for sustainable good governance. There are also five key strategies for Taiwan to boost sustainable urban governance, including revising sustainable development indicators, establishing a universal sustainability committee, revising the National and Urban and Rural Planning Act, building a sustainable urban and rural innovation practice platform, and promoting diversified affordable housing, in the hope of accelerating the improvement of Taiwan’s urban and rural sustainability.