美中科技戰下的抉擇：初探竹科從業者對美中臺關係與高科技產業全球布局的態度

The Dilemma under the US-China Tech- War: An Exploration of Hsinchu Science Park Workforce Attitudes Toward USChina-Taiwan Relations and the Global Layout of the High-Tech Industry

本研究旨在探討美中貿易戰和科技競爭加劇的背景下，臺灣高科技產業從業者對於臺灣在美中臺三邊關係中的政治、社會與經濟的態度與意向。透過對新竹科學園區高科技產業從業者進行大規模電話訪問調查，本研究初步了解他們對於國際局勢、移動意向及政府是否應該介入高科技產業與人才政策的看法。
初步結果發現：一、與中央研究院社會學研究所中國效應研究小組〈中國效應主題研究計畫〉在2023年的調查相比，竹科從業者在政治與社會議題上更積極表態，這可能反映臺灣高科技產業從業者對於美中關係的影響有較高的敏感度。此外，竹科從業者對國際情勢的評估也更偏向現實主義觀點。二、高科技產業從業者內部存在異質性，其中又以個體在產業鏈中的位置為重要解釋因素。例如，IC設計從業者普遍較為親美且對政治前景持樂觀態度，而封裝測試從業者則相對親中。三、相較之下，國際接觸經驗、性別與社會階級等變項的變異解釋力相對有限。
整體而言，本研究將高科技產業從業者的態度與意向置於地緣政治的背景下，對於理解臺灣未來科技發展與政治決策具重要意義。

This study explores the attitudes of Taiwan’s high-tech industry workforce toward Taiwan’s political and economic choices within the triangular United States-China-Taiwan relations amid the escalating US-China trade war and technological competition. Through telephone interviews conducted with people working in high-tech industries at Hsinchu Science Park, this research provides preliminary insights into their views on international affairs, mobility intentions, and whether government should intervene in high-tech industries and talent policies.
The initial findings reveal:
．Compared with China Impact Studies 2023, a project conducted by the Institute of Sociology, Academia Sinica, the workforce at the Hsinchu Science Park was more expressive regarding political and social issues. It may indicate a heightened sensitivity among people in high-tech in Taiwan to the impact of US-China relations. Moreover, their assessments of international affairs align more with a realist perspective.
．There is heterogeneity within the high-tech workforce, with an individual's position in the industrial chain serving as a significant explanatory factor. For instance, the IC (integrated circuit) design workforce is generally more pro-US and politically optimistic, whereas the wafer probe and packaging workforce tends to be more pro-China.
．In contrast, the variance explained by variables such as international exposure, gender, and social class is relatively limited.
Overall, this research situates the attitudes and intentions of high-tech industry workforce within a geopolitical context, offering essential implications for understanding Taiwan’s future technological development and political decision-making.