基因科技的人權議題：以人體基因編輯為例

Human Rights Issues in Genetic Technology: A Study on Human Genome Editing

基因科技的發展廣泛涉及倫理、法律及社會層面的意涵，本文旨在探討基因編輯技術所引發的人權與倫理議題，特別是CRISPR/Cas9技術所帶來的深遠影響。本文著重於基因編輯的倫理與人權爭議，尤其聚焦在優生學以及分配正義問題，並從以下兩個面向進行探討：體細胞基因編輯相對於生殖系基因編輯、基因治療相對於基因強化，進而歸納出四種基因編輯的基本類型，以回應相關的討論。另外，鑑於基因科技的發展和其對人權的影響之評估，需要跨領域的對話，因此公眾對基因科技的理解與關注也有必要以增進社會共識的形成。

Genetic technology involves ethical, legal, and social implications. This paper aims to explore the human rights and ethical issues raised by genome editing technologies, particularly the impacts of the CRISPR/Cas9 technique. Focusing on the ethical and human rights aspects of gene editing, with a particular emphasis on issues related to eugenics and distributive justice, this paper examines two dimensions: somatic cell genome editing versus germline genome editing, and gene therapy versus gene enhancement. From these discussions, four basic types of genome editing are identified to address the related debates. Given the development of genetic technology and its impact on human rights, cross-disciplinary dialogue is essential. Public understanding and attention to genetic technology are also necessary, as they can contribute to the formation of a broader social consensus.