農家經營休閒農業之空間計量分析以農業普查資料為例

Spatial Econometric Analysis of Leisure Farming Operations: A Case Study of Agricultural Census Households

為探討臺灣休閒農業發展及地理空間之變化，本研究運用主計總處2010、2015、2020年的農林漁牧普查資料，以農戶中的休閒農家為研究對象，分析不同期間的農業經營概況與休閒農業空間聚集之變化，同時探討影響其經營休閒農業之因素。研究運用空間自相關分析檢視臺灣休閒農家是否存在空間聚集之情形，同時利用空間計量模型，分析影響農家經營休閒農業之因素。實證結果顯示，臺灣休閒農家存在空間聚集效果，空間計量模型的變數在不同年度並非皆為顯著，但仍捕捉到經營管理者的年齡、教育程度、鄉鎮可耕作面積、從事之工作類型、人口密度以及鄉鎮旅館數量等變數，是影響農家經營休閒農業之重要變數。研究結果除提供給農民或休閒農業經營者參考外，亦可作為農政單位擬定休閒農業相關政策之參考。

This study explores the development of leisure agriculture and the changes in geographical space in Taiwan. The research data is based on the census data of agriculture, forestry, fishery, and animal husbandry in 2010, 2015, and 2020. The research focuses on leisure farmers within the broader farming community, analyzing changes in agricultural management practices and spatial aggregation across different periods while also investigating the factors influencing the development of leisure agriculture. The study employs spatial autocorrelation analysis to determine whether leisure farmers in Taiwan exhibit spatial clustering and uses spatial econometric models to analyze the factors that affect their leisure farming operations. The empirical results reveal a significant spatial clustering effect for leisure farming in Taiwan. While not all variables in the spatial econometric models are statistically significant across the different years, key factors such as the age of the farm managers, education levels, the amount of arable land in townships, the type of work undertaken by farmers, population density, and the number of hotels in townships are identified as important influences on leisure farming operations. In addition to offering valuable insights for farmers and operators in the leisure agriculture sector, the findings also provide important references for agricultural policymakers in Taiwan when formulating strategies related to leisure farming.